Incline of the 21st Century's Mining Industry to Developing State of Post-Industry: Survival of the Fittest and Sustainable Development
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摘要: “后工业”(post-industry)是知识经济或曰“新经济”的发展时代.这个时代的自然资源和一般劳动力资源, 包括矿产资源在国民经济和社会发展中的基础地位逐渐为知识产权、市场网络、信息、创新环境等后天获得性资源, 以及为创新人才的新“认知”(recognized intellect, RI)所代替.然而, 据矿产资源分布及其成矿既具有一定的全球统一性又有区域的特殊性, 以及不同国家(地区)对矿产资源勘查程度的不均衡性, 特别是矿业活动与其他产业性质的不同, 如何能按不同国家(地区)的具体发展状况, 做好21世纪矿业向“后工业”发展势态的倾斜, 达到适者生存和矿业可持续发展的目标是当代探讨的重大问题.在概括阐述了21世纪矿业发展势态、矿业活动特点及其自然属性的基础上, 提出了矿业可持续发展的地质勘查和矿业活动决策支持系统的模拟, 以及对当前紧缺铜矿资源可持续发展的新“认知”.Abstract: Post industry is a developing epoch regarded as "intellectual economy" or "new economy". In these years, natural resources, common (general) labour resources and mineral resources' basic status in national economy and social development has gradually been replaced by acquired resources, such as: information property right, marketing network, information and innovative environment and new "recognized intellect" for persons with innovative ability. However, the distribution and metallogeny of mineral resources possess certain global uniformity and regional exceptionality as well as inhomogeneity of exploring extent of different countries to mineral resources, especially to the difference of mining activities and other industry, so if we can, in term of different developing conditions of different countries, manage the 21st century's mining industry to incline to developing states of "post industry", trying to make it realize the survival of the fittest and sustainable development - obviously, it is also an important project expecting to be discussed. In this paper, on the basis of the general discussion for developing state of the 21st century's mining industry, the characteristics of mining activities and its natural property, the author proposes a modeling of geological exploration for sustainable development of mining industry and decision making system for mining activity, as well as the new "recognized intellect" for sustainable development of very shortage copper deposits.
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图 1 矿产勘查评价模拟设想
Ⅰ.矿产普查; Ⅱ.矿床勘探(初步); Ⅲ.矿床勘探(详细); Ⅳ.矿山建设可行性研究; Ⅴ.矿山建设; Ⅵ.矿山基础建设矿床地质研究; Ⅶ.矿山生产矿床地质研究.1.可进行勘探(初步) 矿床; 2.工业远景不明矿床; 3.无地质和工业远景矿床; 4.可进行勘探(详细) 矿床; 5.成矿复杂但具开采技术经济条件初步可行矿床; 6.成矿基本查明但具未来开采技术经济条件可行矿床; 7.成矿复杂不具开采技术经济条件可行矿床; 8.可进行初步矿山建设设计矿床; 9.按计划任务进行建设设计矿山; 10.达到最终开采技术经济条件可行研究的技术储备矿山(暂不建设); 11.投资单位基建矿山; 12.已建成矿山; 13.已投产和持续扩大远景矿山; (1-3) /5.0表示工作周期(月或年) /投资百分比
Fig. 1. Assessment modeling of mineral exploration
图 2 矿业活动决策支持系统模拟
Fig. 2. Decision-making surport system modeling of mineral exploration and mining activity
图 4 衍(再) 生矿床变异相及成矿演化
Fig. 4. Heteromorphic phase of derivative deposits and its evolution
图 5 智利北—秘鲁南部第三纪斑岩型铜矿带的构造成因(圆圈范围示矿汇区)
Fig. 5. Tectogenesis of the Tertiary porphyry copper belt in north Chile-south Peru circular area showing ore cluster
表 1 世界铜金属储量大于500万t的铜矿床
Table 1. More than 5 million tons of metals for copper deposits in the world
表 2 澳林匹克坝铜金矿和沉积岩容矿型铁铜钴矿衍生成矿变异相及演化
Table 2. Derivative heteromorphic phase deposit and its evolution of Olympic Dam Cu-Au-U-La-Ce deposit and sedimentary-hosted Fe-Cu-Co-Ag-Zn deposit
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