Volume 44 Issue 9
Sep.  2019
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Sun Guoping, Wu Yunjun, Zheng Youye, Xu Jing, Li Miao, Wang Yanfeng, 2019. Ore-Forming Fluids Signature and Evolution in the Qiagong Fe Skarn Deposit of the Gangdese Belt, Tibet: Implications for Fe-Pb Mineralization. Earth Science, 44(9): 3007-3025. doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2018.564
Citation: Sun Guoping, Wu Yunjun, Zheng Youye, Xu Jing, Li Miao, Wang Yanfeng, 2019. Ore-Forming Fluids Signature and Evolution in the Qiagong Fe Skarn Deposit of the Gangdese Belt, Tibet: Implications for Fe-Pb Mineralization. Earth Science, 44(9): 3007-3025. doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2018.564
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Ore-Forming Fluids Signature and Evolution in the Qiagong Fe Skarn Deposit of the Gangdese Belt, Tibet: Implications for Fe-Pb Mineralization

doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2018.564
  • 1.

    School of Earth Sciences and Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China

  • 2.

    Beijing Sanyi Intelligent Technology Co. Ltd., Beijing 100096, China

  • 3.

    Central Geological Exploration Fund, Beijing 100037, China

  • 4.

    Faculty of Earth Resources, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China

  • Received Date: 2017-11-06
  • Publish Date: 2019-09-15
    Abstract
  • There is still lack of research on the evolution of ore-forming fluids and ore-forming mechanism of the Qiagong Fe skarn deposit in the Gangdese Belt,especially the mineralization of the iron-lead ore body. We studied the homogenization temperature,salinity,laser Raman spectroscopy and H-O isotopic compositions of major minerals in different stages. The homogeneous temperatures of the fluid inclusions that in the prograde stage range from 400 to 550℃,and the salinities vary from 15.5% to 20.95% NaCl eqv. Besides,the salinity of S-type fluid inclusion in this stage is up to 56.5% NaCleqv. Both the vapor and the liquid phases in these fluid inclusions are H2O. The homogeneous temperatures of fluid inclusions during the retrograde stage range from 350℃ to 420℃,and the salinities are primarily concentrated in 14.1%-16.68% NaCleqv,partly in 2%-8% NaCleqv. However,the salinity of type-S inclusion is up to 55.8% NaCleqv. Both the vapor and the liquid phases in these fluid inclusions are H2O. In addition,the liquid phase is also rich in HCO3- and CO32-. The homogeneous temperatures of the fluid inclusions in quartzgalena stage are 238-343℃,corresponding to the salinities of 3.1%-13.9% NaCleqv. Additionally,the total homogenization temperatures of CO2-bearing three-phase fluid inclusions are 290-310℃,corresponding to the salinities of 1.6%-11.2% NaCl eqv. Lastly,during the quartz-calcite stage,the homogeneous temperatures and salinities of the fluid inclusions vary in 242-360℃ and 1.7%-11.8% NaCl eqv respectively. The component of liquid phase in fluid inclusion is dominated by H2O,as well as the vapor phase. The H-O isotopes show that the δDH2O and δ18OH2O are-106.4‰—-113.2‰ and 6.2‰-8.0‰ during the prograde stage,and -84.8‰—-130.1‰ and 2.7‰-5.5‰ during the retrograde stage,respectively. The δ18OH2O compositions in the retrograde stage are lower than those in the prograde stage. The δDH2O and δ18OH2O are -95.3‰—-103.8‰ and -1.6‰—-0.7‰ in the quartz-galena stage and -67.4‰—-101.0‰ and -0.8‰-0.6‰ in the quartz-calcite stage,respectively. These data indicate that the fluids evolved from high temperature,medium-high salinity to low temperature and low salinity. The ore-forming fluids are mainly derived from magma exsolution in skarn stage. The fluid immiscibility and wall-rock interaction during skarn stage are the main mechanisms of magnetite precipitation. Decreased pressure and temperature during quartz-galena stage might be the prime reasons for precipitation of galena.

     

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