Brine Temperature of Early Eocene Salt Formation Period in Kuqa Basin and Its Significance
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摘要: 古气候和古卤水温度条件与盐湖成钾有着密切的联系，定量化重建库车盆地早始新世成盐期古卤水温度演化特征对评价盆地成钾潜力具有重要的科学意义.因此，首次以库车盆地西部QL1井下始新统石盐岩为研究对象，在详细的岩相学研究的基础上，开展石盐原生流体包裹体均一温度的定量分析工作.分析结果显示，来自钻孔不同深度的6个样品共有135个均一温度数据，介于21.2~57.8℃，平均值为31.8℃，剖面垂向上自底向顶整体上呈现一个稍微升温的趋势.本研究测定的温度范围、平均温度以及最高温度特征均与同时期特提斯海水温度数据吻合，进一步说明温度数据的可靠性和合理性.另外，高温条件有利于水体发生强烈的蒸发浓缩作用，这点与库车盆地始新世初期沉积的巨厚蒸发岩系和钾盐矿物相符.Abstract: Paleoclimate and paleobrine temperature conditions are closely related to potassium formation in salt lakes. Quantitatively reconstructing evolution characteristics of paleobrine temperature during Early Eocene salt-forming period of the Kuqa basin has important scientific significance for evaluating the potash potential of the basin. In this paper it takes Lower Eocene rock salt of core QL1 which is located in the western Kuqa basin as research object for the first time. Based on the detailed petrographic research, the test and analysis of homogenization temperature of primary fluid inclusions of halite were carried out. The analysis results show that a total of 135 homogenization temperature data were obtained from six samples with different depths of the borehole, ranging from 21.2 to 57.8℃, with an average value of 31.8℃, the profile shows a slight warming trend from bottom to top in the vertical direction. The characteristics of homogenization temperature range, average homogenization temperature, and maximum homogenization temperature measured in this paper are consistent with the temperature data of the Tethys seawater in the same period, which further indicates reliability and rationality of homogenization temperature data. In addition, the high temperature condition is conducive to strong evaporation and concentration of water bodies, which is in good agreement with the thick evaporite series and potassium minerals deposited in the Early Eocene of the Kuqa basin.
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Key words:
- brine temperature /
- halite fluid inclusion /
- Early Eocene /
- Kuqa basin /
- Tethys realm /
- environmental geology
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图 1 库车盆地简要地质图（Xu et al., 2019）
Fig. 1. Simplified geological map of the Kuqa basin (Xu et al., 2019)
图 2 库车盆地QL1井石盐中条带状原生流体包裹体特征
Fig. 2. Petrographic characteristics of band-like primary fluid inclusions in halite from core QL1, Kuqa basin
图 3 库车盆地QL1井下始新统石盐原生流体包裹体均一温度特征
Fig. 3. Th data characteristics of primary fluid inclusions from Lower Eocene halite in core QL1, Kuqa basin
图 4 流体包裹体直径大小与Th之间的关系
Fig. 4. Cross-plot of the Th data plotted against size of fluid inclusions
表 1 库车盆地QL1井下始新统石盐原生流体包裹体Th（℃）
Table 1. Homogenization temperatures (℃) of Lower Eocene halite primary fluid inclusions from core QL1, Kuqa basin
序号 深度（m） Th /直径（μm） ThMAX ThMIN ThAVG ThRANGE S1 5 545 38.3 34.3 36.4 FIA 1 34.4/12; 34.5/10; 34.7/15; 36.1/16; 36.5/18; 37.2/12; 37.7/13; 38.1/15; 38.3/16 3.9 S2 5 572 52.6 22.3 31.8 FIA 1 28.2/23; 28.8/22; 28.9/22; 29.3/16; 29.5/16; 29.8/17; 29.9/15; 30.2/24; 30.6/20; 31.4/22; 31.6/22; 31.7/23; 31.7/18; 32.0/19; 4.8 FIA 2 22.3/28; 24.5/32; 24.7/30; 24.8/28; 25.1/16; 25.2/18; 25.2/17; 25.6/14; 25.8/14; 26.1/17; 26.2/18; 27.2/17; 27.3/17; 27.6/21; 27.9/22; 28.2/14; 28.4/14; 28.5/13; 28.6/13; 29.1/18; 29.1/18; 29.2/32; 29.2/34; 29.3/34 7.0 FIA 3 31.2/30; 31.6/30; 32.1/28; 32.2/26; 33.5/32; 35.4/27; 36.7/22; 37.8/23; 39.4/18; 40.5/18 9.3 FIA 4 47.2/24; 48.3/23; 48.9/23; 50.6/25; 50.8/19; 52.6/18 5.4 S3 5 596 32.7 24.2 28.8 FIA 1 24.2/13; 25.9/12; 26.3/13; 26.4/12; 26.7/15; 27.7/16; 28.5/14; 28.6/14 4.4 FIA 2 27.8/18; 28.1/28; 28.3/29;30.1/26; 30.2/26; 31.3/27; 31.3/24; 31.5/17; 32.4/8; 32.7/12 4.9 S4 5 612 57.8 21.2 37.3 FIA 1 21.2/10; 25.4/12; 26.7/13; 27.1/8; 27.5/7; 27.6/8; 27.8/13; 28.0/24; 28.2/18; 28.4/28 7.2 FIA 2 34.9/27; 36.8/28; 39.7/24; 41.3/15; 42.1/16; 44.6/24 9.7 FIA 3 47.3/22; 48.2/25; 50.8/26; 54.2/20; 55.9/21; 57.8/23 10.5 S5 5 638 35.8 22.4 29.2 FIA 1
FIA 222.4/14; 22.8/16; 22.8/16; 23.1/15; 28.7/15; 28.9/13; 29.3/26; 30.8/18
29.8/24; 30.4/22; 31.6/16; 32.2/18; 34.5/19; 35.1/15; 35.8/228.4
6.0S6 5 674 34.5 22.8 28.1 FIA 1 22.8/24; 23.2/28; 24.2/27; 26.2/24; 27.6/26; 28.1/28 5.3 FIA 2 27.8/32; 27.9/30; 27.9/28; 28.3/15; 28.3/17; 28.5/16 0.7 FIA 3 29.1/19; 30.4/20; 30.8/24; 32.6/19; 34.5/22 5.4 注：ThMAX代表最高均一温度，ThMIN代表最低均一温度，ThAVG代表平均均一温度，ThRANGE代表均一温度范围. 
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