Identification of Precambrian Strata in Early Paleozoic Accretion Zone on Southern Margin of Xing-Meng Orogenic Belt and Its geological Significance
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摘要: 兴蒙造山带南缘早古生代增生造山带内是否存在陆壳一直缺少直接证据，制约了对增生带结构及演化的认识.在达茂旗东北部兴蒙造山带南缘增生带内识别出一套原地的变质地层，野外观察及锆石U-Pb年代学、Hf同位素地球化学研究表明，该套地层形成时代为中元古代晚期，可能代表了增生造山带内的古老地壳.地层的碎屑锆石峰值年龄集中于~1.8 Ga，并具有~3.0 Ga、~2.8 Ga、~2.5 Ga、~1.6 Ga等次级峰值，与华北北缘白云鄂博、化德、狼山群等地层碎屑锆石年龄组成一致；表明其应为华北陆块的一部分，物源则主要来自于华北克拉通内部不同时代地质体的剥蚀.该套地层的识别及其与华北陆块的亲缘性表明，早古生代兴蒙造山带南缘增生带内存在陆壳，构造环境上应为古亚洲洋向华北克拉通俯冲形成的活动陆缘；同时，其与车根达来构造带的关系显示后者并非蛇绿岩，更可能为弧后伸展引起的超基性岩对陆壳的侵入形成.Abstract: There has been a lack of direct evidence for the existence of continental crust in the Early Paleozoic accretion zone on the southern margin of Xing-Meng Orogenic Belt (XMOB),which restricts the understanding on the structure and evolution of the orogen. This study identified Late Mesoproterozoic metamorphic strata in the Chegendalai area,Northeast Damaoqi,which belongs to the southern margin of XMOB. Field investigation,zircon geochronology and Hf isotopic geochemistry indicate that this set of strata represents the continental crust in the accretion zone. The detrital zircon ages of the strata are mainly concentrated at~1.8 Ga,and with minor peaks such as~3.0 Ga,~2.8 Ga,~2.5 Ga,and~1.6 Ga. This age distribution is consistent with the Bayan Obo Group,Huade Group and Langshan Group in the north margin of North China,implying the continental crust in accretion zone should be part of the North China Block,and its material provenance is also mainly from the northern margin of North China Craton. The identification of the Mesoproterozoic strata and its affinity with North China Block indicate that the southern margin of XMOB belongs to active continental margin in Early Paleozoic. In addition,the relationship between the strata and Chegendalai tectonic belts shows that the latter is not an ophiolite,but is more likely to be generated by the intrusion of ultrabasic rocks resulted from back-arc extension.
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图 1 研究区构造位置（a）、构造单元划分(b)及地质简图（c）
图a据Liu et al.（2017b）和He et al.（2018）；图b据Xiao et al.（2003）和Li et al.（2014）；图c修改自张维和简平（2008）
Fig. 1. Tectonic location (a), division of tectonic units (b) and geological sketch map (c) of the study area
图 2 达茂旗车根达来地区前寒武纪地层野外地质剖面
Fig. 2. Geological section of Precambrian strata in Chegendalai area, Damaoqi
图 3 达茂旗车根达来地区前寒武纪地层野外特征
a~c. 地层被早古生代岩体侵入；d、e. 前寒武纪地层不同成分层特征；f. 地层糜棱岩化变形
Fig. 3. Field photos of Precambrian strata in Chegendalai area, Damaoqi
图 4 样品野外特征及岩相学显微照片
a、b. 石英岩；c、d. 含石榴石黑云角闪片岩；e、f. 含石榴石绢云石英片岩.Qz.石英；Grt.石榴石；Amp.角闪石；Bi.黑云母；Ms.白云母
Fig. 4. Field outcrop and microphotographs of the Precambrian strata
图 5 车根达来前寒武纪地层锆石CL图像、LA-ICP-MS分析点位、207Pb/206Pb年龄及εHf(t)值
Fig. 5. CL images, localities of the points for LA-ICP-MS measurement, 207Pb/206Pb ages and εHf(t) values of zircons from the Precambrian strata in Chegendalai area
图 6 车根达来前寒武纪地层锆石U-Pb谐和图（a、c、e）及年龄分布图（b、d、f）
Fig. 6. U-Pb concordia diagrams (a, c, e) and probability density plots (b, d, f) of zircons from the Precambrian strata in Chegendalai area
图 7 车根达来前寒武纪地层锆石t-εHf(t)关系（a）及模式年龄分布直方图（b~d）
Fig. 7. t-εHf(t) diagram (a) and two-stage Hf model age (TDM2) histograms (b-d) of the Precambrian strata in Chegendalai area, Damaoqi
图 8 车根达来前寒武纪地层、白云鄂博群、化德群、狼山群沉积岩碎屑锆石年龄组成对比
a. 车根达来前寒武纪地层碎屑锆石年龄组成；b. 白云鄂博群碎屑锆石年龄组成（数据引自Liu et al., 2017a；Zhou et al., 2017）；c. 化德群碎屑锆石年龄组成（数据引自Liu et al., 2014, 2018）；d. 狼山群碎屑锆石年龄组成（数据引自Hu et al., 2014）
Fig. 8. Comparison of detrital zircon U-Pb ages from different strata
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