Studies on Metamorphic Zircons of Granitic Gneisses and Amphibolites in the Dengkou and Shetai Areas of the Khondalite Belt of the North China Craton: More Constraints on Its Northern Boundary
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摘要: 准确限定古老陆块及其之间造山带或缝合带的位置一直是早前寒武纪研究的难点和热点之一.前人对华北克拉通西部孔兹岩带边界在磴口地区的延伸方向以及在佘太地区的具体位置一直存在着争议.基于此，本次研究对孔兹岩带西部磴口地区的花岗片麻岩和中部佘太地区的斜长角闪岩中的变质锆石进行了矿物包裹体、U-Pb同位素以及微量元素的研究.结果表明磴口地区一个花岗片麻岩岩浆锆石的U-Pb年龄为2 549±14 Ma，变质锆石年龄为1 874±26 Ma，另一个花岗片麻岩变质锆石的U-Pb年龄为1 877±25 Ma，锆石的稀土元素整体呈现出左倾的特征.佘太地区北部一个斜长角闪岩样品变质锆石的U-Pb年龄为2 469±15 Ma，南部两个样品的变质年龄为1 924±25 Ma和1 800±20 Ma，锆石的稀土元素同样表现为左倾的特征.结合岩石组合、新太古代末和古元古代两期变质事件的空间分布及前人的研究成果，表明在磴口地区孔兹岩带与阴山陆块的边界更有可能向西延伸，而非以往认为的向西南方向延伸，而在佘太地区这条边界应沿武川-固阳-佘太分布，而非以往认为的沿武川-固阳-乌拉特后旗分布.Abstract: This paper presents a study of the mineral inclusions, U-Pb isotopes and trace elements of the metamorphic zircons from the granitic gneisses in the Dengkou area and the amphibolites in the Shetai area. The results show that the U-Pb age of one granite gneiss magmatic zircon in Dengkou area is 2 549±14 Ma, the age of metamorphic zircon is 1 874 ±26 Ma, and that of another granite gneiss metamorphic zircon is 1 877 ±25 Ma, and their REE patterns are generally left-leaning. On the other hand, the metamorphic zircons of the amphibolites in the Shetai area yield U-Pb ages of 1 924±25 Ma and 1 800±20 Ma in the south and 2 469±15 Ma in the north, respectively and they also show left-leaning REE patterns. Based on the rock assemblage, spatial distribution of the late Neoarchean and Paleoproterozoic metamorphic events, and the previous research results, we suggest that the north boundary of the Khondalite Belt in the Dengkou area more likely extends to the west, rather than the southwest as previously thought and the boundary in the Shetai area is distributed along the Wuchuan-Guyang-Shetai instead of along the Wuchuan-Guyang-Urad Houqi.
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Key words:
- North China Craton /
- Khondalite Belt /
- Paleoproterozoic /
- zircon U-Pb dating /
- trace elements /
- zircon mineral inclusion /
- petrology
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图 1 华北克拉通西部陆块的构造划分图（据Zhao et al., 2002修改）
Fig. 1. Tectonic division of the western block of the North China Craton (modified after Zhao et al., 2002)
图 2 磴口地区及佘太地区区域地质简图
a.据宁夏回族自治区地调局（1980）完成的磴口幅1:20万地质图修改；b.据Jian et al. (2012)修改
Fig. 2. Simplified geological map of the Dengkou and Shetai areas
图 4 花岗片麻岩及斜长角闪岩的镜下照片
Qt.石英；Bi.黑云母；Pl.斜长石；Hb.角闪石；Mi.磁铁矿
Fig. 4. Microscope pictures of the granitic gneiss and amphibolite
图 5 花岗片麻岩变质锆石（13ZB06-1）CL图、年龄谐和图及稀土元素含量图
红色代表变质锆石；绿色代表约2.5 Ga岩浆锆石
Fig. 5. Cathodoluminescence images, concordia diagrams and REE patterns of metamorphic and magmatic zircons from sample 13ZB06-1
图 6 花岗片麻岩变质锆石（13ZB08-1）CL图、年龄谐和图及稀土元素含量图
Fig. 6. Cathodoluminescence images, concordia diagrams and REE patterns of metamorphic and magamatic zircons from sample 13ZB08-1
图 7 斜长角闪岩变质锆石（13ZB28-1）CL图、年龄谐和图及稀土元素含量图
Fig. 7. Cathodoluminescence images, concordia diagrams and REE patterns of metamorphic and magamatic zircons from sample 13ZB28-1
图 8 斜长角闪岩变质锆石（13ZB28-2）CL图、年龄谐和图及稀土元素含量图
Fig. 8. Cathodoluminescence images, concordia diagrams and REE patterns of metamorphic and magamatic zircons from sample 13ZB28-2
图 9 斜长角闪岩变质锆石（13ZB29-1）CL图、年龄谐和图及稀土元素含量图
Fig. 9. Cathodoluminescence images, concordia diagrams and REE patterns of metamorphic and magamatic zircons from sample 13ZB29-1
图 10 孔兹岩带北界界线及西部陆块前寒武纪变质年代学数据总结（据Zhang et al.2013修改）
BDS.北大山岩体；LSS.龙首山岩体；DBSG.迭布斯格岩体；BW.巴彦乌拉山岩体；HL.贺兰山岩体；QL.千里山岩体；WD.乌拉山大青山岩体；JN.集宁岩体；GY.固阳地区；WC.武川地区.图中年龄分别来自：1. Li, 2019；2. Li and Wei, 2016；3.蔡佳等，2014；4. Jiao et al., 2013；5. Santosh et al., 2007；6. Santosh, 2010；7.吴昌华等，2007；8. Wan et al., 2006；9.王丹等，2014；10.马铭株等，2013；11. Dong et al., 2012；12.董晓杰等，2012；13. Liu et al., 2017；14.马铭株，2015；15.刘平华等，2013；16. Dong et al., 2014；17. Wan et al.2013；18. Dong et al., 2014；19.董晓杰等，2009；20. Ma et al., 2013；21.马旭东等，2013；22. Jian et al., 2012；23. Qiao et al., 2016；24. Yin et al., 2009；25.宫江华等，2011；26. Gong et al., 2016；27. Zhang et al., 2013；28.耿元生等，2007；29. Dong et al., 2007；30. Yin et al., 2011；31.董春艳等，2007；32.本文
Fig. 10. The north boundary of the Khondalite Belt and collation of the Precambrian metamorphic chronology data of the North China Craton (modified after Zhang et al., 2013)
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