Genesis and Rapid Uplift-Erosion Characteristic of Hongshan Syenite Complex in Wuan, Hebei, China
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摘要: 为了解洪山正长岩杂岩体的源区和成因，以及其形成过程中伴随的地表快速隆升-剥蚀现象，在详细野外地质调查的基础上，采用岩石学、地球化学、U-Pb年代学和锆石Lu-Hf同位素研究.获得洪山正长岩杂岩体内粗粒辉石正长岩和粗面岩锆石U-Pb定年结果分别为125.6±1.2 Ma和121.9±2.3 Ma，粗粒正长岩年龄介于二者之间；岩体属于高硅、富碱、富铝、贫镁、Mg#较低的准铝质-过铝质碱性岩，经历了大量地壳流体的改造；粗粒辉石正长岩锆石普遍发育年龄相近的核-边结构，核部εHf（t）为-5.0~-8.4，具有较高的U、Th、Pb含量，边部与同时期的粗面岩锆石特征一致εHf（t）为-11.3~-14.4，U、Th、Pb含量较低，表明锆石结晶初期岩浆具有地壳来源的特征；喷出相的粗面岩直接覆盖在中心相的粗粒正长岩上，这一现象说明洪山正长岩杂岩体形成过程中伴随了地表的快速隆升-剥蚀.洪山正长岩杂岩体的形成过程与拆沉作用关系密切，是华北克拉通减薄作用在地表浅部的响应.Abstract: In order to understand the source and genesis of the Hongshan syenite complex, and the rapid surface uplift-erosion phenomenon accompanying its formation, on the basis of detailed field geological surveys, petrology and geochemistry, U-Pb chronology and zircon Lu-Hf isotope studies were used. The result show that:the U-Pb dating of coarse pyroxene syenite and trachyte zircon in the Hongshan syenite complex yields age of 125.6±1.2 Ma and 121.9±2.3 Ma, respectively. Coarse syenite's age is between 125.6±1.2 Ma and 121.9±2.3 Ma, The rock belongs to high-silicon, alkali-rich, aluminum-rich, magnesium-depleted, and low-Mg# metaluminous-peraluminous alkaline rocks, that have undergone a lot of crustal fluid transformation; coarse pyroxene syenite. Coarse-grained pyroxene syenite zircon has a similar core-edge structure of common developmental age. The core εHf (t) is -5.0 to -8.4, which has a high U, Th, and Pb content. The edges are consistent with the zircon characteristics of the trachyte at the same period, εHf (t)=-11.3 to -14.4, and low content of U, Th, and Pb, which indicates that the magma in the early stage of crystallization of zircon has the characteristics of crustal origin. the coarse-faced rocks of the ejected facies are directly covered on the coarse-grained ortho rocks of the central facies. This phenomenon indicates that the formation process of Hongshan syenite complex was accompanied by rapid uplift and erosion of the surface. The formation process of the Hongshan syenite complex is closely related to demolition, which is the response of the North China Craton thinning in the shallow surface.
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Key words:
- syenite complex /
- Mesozoic /
- zircon U-Pb chronology /
- geochemistry /
- Lu-Hf isotope /
- uplift-erosion /
- craton thinning
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图 1 华北克拉通基底构造单元划分图(a)和邯邢地区区域地质图(b)
1.第四系；2.白垩纪火山岩地层；3.三叠纪沉积地层；4.二叠纪沉积地层；5.石炭纪沉积地层；6.奥陶纪沉积地层；7.前寒武变质地层；8.正长岩；9.二长岩；10.二长闪长岩；11.闪长岩；12.角闪闪长岩；13.橄榄辉长岩；14.辉橄岩；图a据Zhao et al.(2005)；图b据张波等(2020b)
Fig. 1. Tectonic subdivision of the North China Craton (a) and geological map of the Handan-Xingtai area(b)
图 3 洪山正长岩杂岩体卫星图像及野外照片
a.粗面岩与粗粒正长岩接触关系卫星图像; b.黑云辉石正长岩与围岩地层接触关系; c.粗粒正长岩与辉石正长岩接触关系; d.粗面岩与粗粒正长岩接触关系; e~f.粗面质细晶岩脉与岩体接触关系
Fig. 3. Satellite image and field photographs of the Hongshan syenite complex
图 4 洪山正长岩杂岩样品照片和镜下照片
a, b.粗粒辉石正长岩；c, d.粗粒正长岩；e, f.粗面岩；Cpx.单斜辉石；Kfs.钾长石；Ap.磷灰石；Mt.磁铁矿；Q.石英
Fig. 4. Sample photos and micrograph of the Hongshan syenite complex
图 5 洪山正长岩杂岩体中代表性锆石的CL图像
a.粗粒辉石正长岩；b.粗面岩.图中实线圈为U-Pb年龄测试点，虚线圈为Hf同位素测试点，锆石边部上方数值为年龄（Ma），下方数值为εHf(t)值，白线为比例尺，代附表100 μm
Fig. 5. Representative cathodoluminescence (CL) images of zircon grains from the Hongshan syenite complex
图 6 洪山正长岩杂岩体锆石U-Pb年龄谐和曲线图
a.粗粒辉石正长岩；b.粗面岩
Fig. 6. U-Pb concordia diagrams of zircons from the Hongshan syenite complex
图 7 洪山正长岩杂岩体TAS图解(a)和AR-SiO2碱度率关系图解(b)
图a据Bas et al.(1986); 图b据Wright(1969)；AR=w(Al2O3+CaO+K2O)+w(Na2O)/w(Al2O3)+w(CaO- K2O-Na2O)，当1.0 < K2O/Na2O < 2.5时，K2O+Na2O用2 Na2O来代替
Fig. 7. TAS diagram (a) and AR-SiO2 diagram of the Hongshan syenite complex
图 8 洪山正长岩杂岩体A/CNK-A/NK关系图解
Fig. 8. A/CNK-A/NK diagram of the Hongshan syenite complex
图 9 洪山正长岩杂岩体球粒陨石标准化稀土元素配分曲线(a)和原始地幔标准化微量元素蛛网图(b)
球粒陨石和原始地幔标准化值来自Sun and McDonough(1989); 华北克拉通上地壳、下地壳稀土和微量数据来自Yang et al.(2008)
Fig. 9. Chondrite-normalized REE patterns (a) and primitive mantle-normalize spider diagram (b) of the Hongshan syenite complex
图 10 洪山正长岩杂岩体锆石t-εHf(t)图解
Fig. 10. Plot of t-εHf(t) of zircons from the Hongshan syenite complex
表 1 洪山正长岩杂岩体锆石Lu-Hf同位素分析结果
Table 1. Zircon Lu-Hf isotopic compositions of the Hongshan syenite complex
点号 年龄(Ma) 176Yb/177Hf 176Lu/177Hf 176Hf/177Hf 2σ εHf(0) εHf(t) tDM1(Ma) tDM2(Ma) fLu/Hf 辉石正长岩(HS8-9) 02边a 120 0.015 350 0.000 534 0.282 322 0.000 025 -15.9 -13.3 1 297 2 318 -0.98 09幔b 126 0.030 764 0.001 100 0.282 357 0.000 034 -14.7 -12.0 1 267 2 218 -0.97 12 128 0.013 302 0.000 464 0.282 295 0.000 026 -16.9 -14.1 1 332 2 381 -0.99 13 126 0.022 695 0.000 805 0.282 375 0.000 029 -14.0 -11.3 1 232 2 174 -0.98 15 126 0.016 351 0.000 574 0.282 317 0.000 026 -16.1 -13.4 1 305 2 326 -0.98 17 125 0.033 420 0.001 185 0.282 368 0.000 032 -14.3 -11.6 1 255 2 190 -0.96 20 127 0.014 098 0.000 490 0.282 355 0.000 031 -14.7 -12.0 1 250 2 227 -0.99 21边c 125 0.058 072 0.001 915 0.282 451 0.000 038 -11.4 -8.8 1 160 1 973 -0.94 26核c 122 0.055 290 0.001 842 0.282 462 0.000 045 -11.0 -8.4 1 142 1 948 -0.94 27核b 117 0.073 324 0.002 435 0.282 477 0.000 034 -10.4 -8.0 1 139 1 909 -0.93 28边d 120 0.019 150 0.000 703 0.282 312 0.000 029 -16.3 -13.7 1 316 2 343 -0.98 29核d 128 0.075 022 0.002 503 0.282 557 0.000 032 -7.6 -5.0 1 024 1 696 -0.92 30幔d 124 0.024 476 0.000 835 0.282 337 0.000 033 -15.4 -12.7 1 286 2 274 -0.97 31核a 130 0.035 815 0.001 217 0.282 430 0.000 030 -12.1 -9.4 1 168 2 027 -0.96 粗面岩(HS8-25) 04 245 0.021 908 0.000 813 0.282 645 0.000 029 -4.5 0.8 855 1 375 -0.98 05 120 0.035 530 0.001 351 0.282 462 0.000 030 -11.0 -8.4 1 127 1 952 -0.96 10 2 498 0.017 085 0.000 641 0.281 372 0.000 026 -49.5 5.5 2 600 2 687 -0.98 11 2 498 0.023 036 0.000 811 0.281 412 0.000 026 -48.1 6.6 2 557 2 607 -0.98 12 260 0.026 863 0.000 990 0.282 581 0.000 025 -6.8 -1.2 949 1 529 -0.97 16 1 854 0.013 062 0.000 454 0.281 661 0.000 024 -39.3 1.5 2 197 2 497 -0.99 17 118 0.025 139 0.000 930 0.282 468 0.000 024 -10.8 -8.2 1 106 1 940 -0.97 21 2 529 0.019 641 0.000 666 0.281 368 0.000 025 -49.7 6.0 2 607 2 674 -0.98 23 121 0.020 208 0.000 818 0.282 379 0.000 038 -13.9 -11.3 1 227 2 168 -0.98 25 120 0.017 713 0.000 711 0.282 293 0.000 031 -16.9 -14.4 1 343 2 392 -0.98 
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