西藏冈底斯西段鲁尔玛晚三叠世二长闪长岩的成因

刘洪; 张林奎; 黄瀚霄; 李光明; 欧阳渊; 吕梦鸿; 刘函; 兰双双; 闫国强

doi:10.3799/dqkx.2019.051

西藏冈底斯西段鲁尔玛晚三叠世二长闪长岩的成因

doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2019.051

1.
中国地质调查局成都地质调查中心, 四川成都 610081
2.
四川省冶金地质勘查院, 四川成都 610051
3.
中国地质调查局天津地质调查中心, 天津 300170

基金项目:

中国地质调查项目 DD20190542

中国地质调查项目 DD20190147

国家重点研发计划项目 2016YFC0600308

国家重点研发计划项目 SQ2018YFC060162

中国地质调查项目 DD20160015

详细信息

作者简介:
刘洪(1987-), 男, 工程师, 硕士, 主要从事矿床学、矿产勘查研究

通讯作者:
黄瀚霄

中图分类号: P581
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2019-01-31
- 刊出日期: 2019-07-15

Petrogenesis of Late Triassic Luerma Monzodiorite in Western Gangdise, Tibet, China

1.
Chengdu Center, China Geological Survey, Chengdu 610081, China
2.
Sichuan Institute of Metallurgical Geology & Exploration, Chengdu 610051, China
3.
Tianjin Center, China Geological Survey, Tianjin 300170, China

摘要

摘要: 晚三叠世及以前岩浆活动研究的缺乏严重制约了雅鲁藏布新特提斯洋演化模式的讨论.为探讨冈底斯西段打加错地区晚三叠世岩浆活动的地球动力学背景，对鲁尔玛二长闪长岩开展了岩石学、地球化学和年代学研究工作.利用LA-ICP-MS方法测得2件二长闪长岩样品的锆石²⁰⁶Pb/²³⁸U年龄加权平均值为212.1±0.6 Ma(MSWD=0.97)和212.8±0.2 Ma(MSWD=0.74)，表明鲁尔玛中性岩浆活动发生在晚三叠世.二长闪长岩主要由斜长石、钾长石、普通角闪石等组成，并含少量石英、普通辉石、黑云母、磁铁矿、磷灰石等，具有中等的SiO₂(50.75%~54.69%)含量，高的K₂O(2.71%~3.99%)和总碱(K₂O+Na₂O=5.84%~8.65%)含量，以及中等的A1₂O₃(13.77%~19.17%)含量，较高的CaO(4.90%~10.14%)含量.里特曼指数(σ₄₃)为3.40~7.65，A/CNK值为0.56~1.00，表明鲁尔玛二长闪长岩属于准铝质钾玄岩系列岩石.岩石富集轻稀土元素(LREE)和大离子亲石元素(LILE)，相对亏损重稀土元素和高场强元素(HFSE)，轻重稀土分异较弱(LREE/HREE=7.45~11.10)，并具轻微的Eu负异常(δEu=0.83~0.95)，无Ce异常(0.93~1.04).相对较低的⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr初始比值((⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr)_t=0.705 532~0.706 135，平均0.705 852)、正的ε_Hf(t)值(4.97~14.10，平均8.77)、年轻的地壳模式年龄(T_DM2=348~930 Ma，平均为686 Ma)，(¹⁴³Nd/¹⁴⁴Nd)_t和ε_Hf(t)分别为0.512 639~0.512 669(平均为0.512 657)和0.08~0.67(平均为0.43)，(²⁰⁶Pb/²⁰⁴Pb)_t、(²⁰⁷Pb/²⁰⁴Pb)_t和(²⁰⁸Pb/²⁰⁴Pb)_t分别为：18.235~18.521(平均为18.411)、15.593~15.651(平均为15.617)和39.948~38.579(平均为38.401)，指示二长闪长岩起源于新生地壳.Sr-Nd-Pb-Hf同位素及微量元素特征表明鲁尔玛二长闪长岩为新生地壳部分熔融的产物.研究结果揭示，鲁尔玛二长闪长岩体是晚三叠雅鲁藏布新特提斯洋北向俯冲初期，新生地壳熔融形成的准铝质碱性钾玄岩系岩石.该岩体的研究表明，在晚三叠世(~213 Ma)，冈底斯西段的打加错地区，雅鲁藏布新特提斯洋壳已经向北俯冲到南拉萨微陆块之下.
- 拉萨地块 /
- 打加错 /
- 锆石U-Pb年代学 /
- Sr-Nd-Pb-Hf同位素 /
- 岩石成因 /
- 地球化学
Abstract: The study on the evolution model of the New Tethys Ocean in Yarlung Zangbo has been seriously restricted due to the lack of in-depth research on magmatism during and even before the Late Triassic In order to discuss the geodynamic background of the Late Triassic magmatism in Dajia Co area of western Gangdise, this paper presents a study on petrology, geochemistry and chronology of the Ruerma monzodiorite. LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb analyses suggest that monzodiorite has two weighted mean ²⁰⁶Pb/²³⁸U ages of 212.1±0.6 Ma (mean square weighted deviation=0.97), and 212.8±0.2 Ma (mean square weighted deviation=0.74), which suggests that the Luerma magmatism event took place during the late Triassic epoch. The rocks contain plagioclase, potassium feldspar and amphibole, and contain a small amount of quartz, pyroxene, biotite, magnetite and apatite. They have moderate contents of SiO₂ (50.75%-54.69%), and A1₂O₃ (13.77%-19.17%), high contents of K₂O (2.71%-3.99%), total K₂O+Na₂O (5.84%-8.65%), and CaO (4.90%-10.14%), with a Reitman index (σ₄₃) of 3.40 to 7.65, and A/CNK values of 0.56 to 1.00. These characteristics suggest that the Luerma monzodiorite is a quasi-aluminous and alkaline-shoshonite series. The rocks are enriched in light rare earth elements (LREE) and large ion lithofile elements (LILE), and depleted in heavy rare earth elements (HREE) and high field strength elements(HFSE), with LREE/HREE ratios of 7.45 to 11.10. They have weakly negative Eu anomalies of 0.83 to 0.95 without obvious Ce anomalies (δCe=0.93-1.04). The relatively low initial ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr ratios of 0.705 532 to 0.706 135, positive ε_Hf(t) values of 4.97 to 14.10, and two-stage Hf model ages (T_DM2) ranging from 348 Ma to 930 Ma, indicate that the rocks derived from a juvenile crust. The monzodiorite's (¹⁴³Nd/¹⁴⁴Nd)_t values range from 0.512 639 to 0.512 669, their ε_Hf(t) values range from 0.08 to 0.67, their (²⁰⁶Pb/²⁰⁴Pb)_t values range from 18.235 to 18.521, their (²⁰⁷Pb/²⁰⁴Pb)_t values range from 15.593 to 15.651, and their (²⁰⁸Pb/²⁰⁴Pb)_t values range from 39.948 to 38.579. These data indicate that the Luerma monzodiorite was formed by partial melting of the juvenile crust. We propose that the Luerma monzodiorite was formed during the northward subduction of Yarlu Zangbo oceanic crust of the Neo Tethys Ocean.
- Lhasa terrane /
- Dajia Co /
- zircon U-Pb chronology /
- Sr-Nd-Pb-Hf isotopes /
- petrogenesis /
- geochemistry

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图 1 拉萨地块大地构造与岩浆岩分布简图

刘洪等(2019a)修改

Fig. 1. Tectonic map of Lhasa terrane

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 鲁尔玛地区地质简图

据刘洪等(2019b)修改

Fig. 2. Geological map of the Luerma

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 晚三叠世鲁尔玛岩体野外及镜下特征

a.二长闪长岩野外照片; b.二长闪长岩露头照片；c, d.二长闪长岩镜下照片; βυP₂.早二叠世辉绿岩; δηΤ₃.晚三叠世二长闪长岩; ηοπΤ₃.石英二长斑岩; P₁a.下二叠统昂杰组角岩化砂岩; Pl.斜长石; Kfs.钾长石; Hb.角闪石; Qz.石英

Fig. 3. Petrographic characteristics of the monzodiorite in Luerma

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 QAP图解(a)；K₂O+Na₂O-SiO₂图解(b)；K₂O-SiO₂图解(c)；A/NK-A/CNK图解(d)

图a底图据Le Maitre (2002)；图b底图据Middlemost (1994)；图c底图据Peccerillo and Taylor (1976)、Middlemost (1985)；图d底图据Maniar and Piccoli (1989)

Fig. 4. QAP plot (a); K₂O+Na₂O-SiO₂ plot (b); K₂O vs. SiO₂ plot (c); A/NK vs. A/CNK plot (d)

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 5 稀土元素标准化曲线(a)和微量元素标准化蛛网图(b)

图a标准化数据数据McDonough and Sun (1995)；图b标准化数据数据Sun and McDonough (1989)

Fig. 5. Chondrite-normalised REE patterns (a); mantle-normalised multi-element diagrams (b)

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 6 鲁尔玛二长闪长岩LEM41样品(a, b)和ZK03-23样品(c, d)锆石U-Pb年龄谐和图

Fig. 6. U-Pb zircon concordia plots for LEM41 (a, b) and ZK03-23 (c, d) from Luerma

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 7 鲁尔玛二长闪长岩构造环境图解

a. Na/La-La/Sm图解; b. Ti-Zr图解，底图据Pearce and Cann(1973) ; c. Nb/Yb-Th/Yb图解，底图据Pearce (2008)

Fig. 7. Structural environment diagram of the monzodiorite in Luerma

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 8 ε_Hf(t)与年龄关系

南拉萨、中拉萨和北拉萨数据据Hou et al.(2015)；DM.原始地幔; CHUR.球粒陨石均一储库

Fig. 8. ε_Hf(t) vs. U-Pb ages plots

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 9 鲁尔玛岩体Sr-Nd-Pb图解

EMⅠ. Ⅰ型富集地幔; EMⅡ. Ⅱ型富集地幔; PREMA.普通地幔; BSE.整个硅酸盐地球; HIMU.高μ地幔; Geochron.零等时线; NHRL.北半球参考线; *数据据Xu and Castillo (2004)、Zhang et al.(2005)；底图据Zindler et al. (1986)、Wilson (1989)

Fig. 9. Sr-Nd-Pb plots of Luerma

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 10 鲁尔玛二长闪长岩成因模式

a.晚三叠世板块构造图, 据Baxter et al.(2016)、Li et al.(2016)、Cao et al.(2018)修改; b.鲁尔玛晚三叠世岩浆岩形成模式

Fig. 10. Schematic illustration showing the generation and emplacement to the monzodiorite in Luerma

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 鲁尔玛二长闪长岩采样分布

Table 1. The sample distributions of the Luerma monzodiorite

样品编号	采样位置		分析项目
样品编号	东经E	北纬N	分析项目
LEM08	85°42’30”	30°01’34”	薄片鉴定，全岩主量、稀土、微量元素分析，全岩Sr-Pb-Pb同位素分析
LEM12	87°42’29”	30°02’09”	薄片鉴定，全岩主量、稀土、微量元素分析
LEM13	87°42’30”	30°02’09”	薄片鉴定，全岩主量、稀土、微量元素分析
LEM15	87°42’32”	30°02’10”	薄片鉴定，全岩主量、稀土、微量元素分析
LEM17	87°42’41”	30°02’08”	薄片鉴定，全岩主量、稀土、微量元素分析，全岩Sr-Pb-Pb同位素分析
LEM26-1	87°43’00”	30°02’30”	薄片鉴定，全岩主量、稀土、微量元素分析，全岩Sr-Pb-Pb同位素分析
LEM41	85°42’39”	30°02’05”	薄片鉴定，全岩主量、稀土、微量元素分析，全岩Sr-Pb-Pb同位素分析锆石U-Pb测年、Lu-Hf同位素分析
ZK03-23	85°43’23”	30°02’31”	薄片鉴定，全岩主量、稀土、微量元素分析，锆石U-Pb测年、Lu-Hf同位素分析

下载: 导出CSV

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