Age and Provenance of Sumdo Formation in Central Gangdise, Tibetan Plateau: Detrital Zircon U-Pb Geochronological Evidence
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摘要: 冈底斯中部广泛发育的松多岩组因缺少化石依据，其沉积时代一直存在争议，严重制约了对冈底斯古生代构造演化的认识.在详细野外地质调查基础上，利用LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb同位素定年对松多岩组中变质砂岩进行了锆石U-Pb同位素测定，获得变质砂岩中最小碎屑锆石年龄值为316 Ma，时代为晚石炭世，代表了松多岩组形成时代的下限.通过碎屑锆石年龄示踪和区域对比研究，松多岩组物源很可能来自拉萨地块内部(南拉萨地块和北拉萨地块)，可能是松多古特提斯洋初始洋盆的沉积记录.研究区松多岩组沉积时代下限的厘定，进一步完善了该区晚古生代地层系统，对冈瓦纳大陆北缘晚石炭世－早二叠世岩相古地理研究具有重要意义.Abstract: The Sumdo Formation, which is widely developed in the central Gangdise, has been controversial in its stratigraphic age due to lack of fossil evidence, seriously restricting our understanding of structural evolution in the Sumdo area. In this paper, on the basis of detailed field geological investigation, LA-ICP-MS U-Pb dating was carried out on detrital zircons from metamorphic sandstones of Sumdo Formation. The minimum zircon age of detrital zircon in metamorphic sandstones is 316 Ma, the Late Carboniferous, representing the lower limit of the main depositional age of the Sumdo Formation. Provenance analysis indicates that the sedimentary detritus was sourced from the Lhasa terrane itself (South and North Lhasa terranes), and may be the sedimentary record of the initial ocean basin of Sumdo Paleo-Tethys Ocean. The determination of the age of the Sumdo Formation has further improved the Late Paleozoic stratigraphic system in this area and is of great significance to the study of lithofacies and paleogeography of the Late Carboniferous-Early Permian in the northern margin of the Gondwana.
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Key words:
- Tibetan Plateau /
- Gangdise /
- Late Carboniferous-Early Permian /
- Sumdo Formation /
- detrital zircon /
- provenance /
- geochronology
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图 1 冈底斯中部大地构造简图(a)及松多地区地质简图(b)
Fig. 1. Tectonic framework of the central Gangdise (a) and geological map of the Sumdo area, showing the distribution of the Sumdo Formation (b)
图 2 松多地区松多岩组野外露头及显微镜下照片
a.变质砂岩与白云母石英片岩的片理互层现象；b.变质砂岩中的沟槽模构造野外露头照片；c.变质砂岩与变质粉砂岩互层产出，并发育平行层理和交错层理构造；d.白云母石英片岩的野外露头照片；e.变质砂岩正交偏光下的显微照片；f.白云母石英片岩的正交偏光下的显微照片
Fig. 2. Field photographs and micrographs of Sumdo Formation in the Sumdo areas
图 3 冈底斯中部松多岩组中变质砂岩碎屑锆石CL图像、分析点位
Fig. 3. Cathodoluminescence (CL) images of representative zircon grains of metamorphosed sandstones from Sumdo Formation in the central Gangdise
图 4 冈底斯中部松多岩组变质砂岩碎屑锆石U-Pb谐和图和年龄直方图
Fig. 4. Concordia plots and age histogram of detrital zircon from metamorphosed sandstones in the central Gangdise
图 5 羌北、羌南、北拉萨、南拉萨、特提斯喜马拉雅及西澳大利亚地层中碎屑锆石年龄谱系对比
a.南拉萨碎屑锆石数据，据Zhang et al.(2008)、Dong et al.(2010)、Guo et al.(2012)、Guo et al.(2016)；b.羌北－昌都板块中碎屑锆石数据，据Gehrels et al.(2011)、Jiang et al.(2015)；c.羌南－保山板块中碎屑锆石数据，据Gehrels et al.(2011)、Fan et al.(2015)；d.北拉萨地块中碎屑锆石数据，据Gehrels et al.(2011)、Zhu et al.(2011)、Li et al.(2014)；e.特提斯喜马拉雅地层中的碎屑锆石数据，据Aikman et al.(2008)、Gehrels et al.(2011)；f.西澳大利亚中碎屑锆石数据，据Cawood and Nemchin(2000)、Veevers et al.(2005).
Fig. 5. Distribution of zircon ages of detrital zircons from sedimentary compared to the distributions of the North Qiangtang, South Qiangtang, North Lhasa, South Lhasa, Tethyan Himalayan and western Australia
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