Rb-Sr Dating of Sphalerites from Wulun Lead-Zinc Deposit in Northwestern Hunan and Its Geological Significance
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摘要: 五伦铅锌矿床位于扬子陆块东南缘之江南（雪峰）造山带北西侧，是湘西北铅锌矿带内新近发现的热液脉型矿床.铅锌矿床产于万民岗背斜轴部，矿体沿NE向比铁溪-陈家河断裂旁侧派生的NW向断裂呈陡倾脉状产出，直接容矿围岩为奥陶系下统桐梓组和红花园组.对该矿床主成矿期的闪锌矿进行Rb-Sr等时线法定年，获得成矿年龄为238.9±4.5 Ma（MSWD=1.8），（87Sr/86Sr）i值为0.710 86±0.000 16，指示其主成矿期为中三叠世晚期.结合已有的成矿年代学资料，通过地球动力学背景探讨，结果表明湘西北地区至少存在两期铅锌成矿作用，分别对应于加里东期构造运动后伸展作用和印支早期华南陆块汇聚碰撞形成的局部伸展作用.五伦铅锌矿床的成矿物质应主要来源于含矿层之下成矿元素高含量的南华纪-寒武纪早期地层中的碎屑岩系，其较高的（87Sr/86Sr）i值指示成矿过程中陆壳影响较为明显.Abstract: The Wulun lead-zinc deposit lies to the northwest of Jiangnan (Xuefeng) orogenic belt on the southeastern margin of Yangtze block, as a newly discovered hydrothermal vein type of lead-zinc deposit in the lead-zinc ore belt along the Wanmingang anticline in northwestern Hunan. The ore bodies outcrop in the Lower Ordovician Tongzi and Honghuayuan formations as steep-dipping veins controlled by NW trending faults which derived by NE trending Bitiexi-Chenjiahe fault. Rb-Sr dating of sphalerite yielded an isochron age of 238.9±4.5 Ma (MSWD=1.8) with initial 87Sr/86Sr value of 0.710 86±0.000 16 for the deposit, which shows that the end of Middle Triassic is the main mineralization period for the Wulun lead-zinc deposit. Integrated with the existing metallogenic geochronology data, and the discussing of the geodynamical setting, it is indicated that there are at least twice lead-zinc mineralization in northwestern Hunan, which was respectively related to the post-orogenic extension of late Caledonian tectonism and the local stretching derived from collision of South China block in the early Indosinian. The metallogenic materials of Wulun lead-zinc deposit shall be mainly derived from the clastic rocks with high ore-forming elements in the Nanhua-Early Cambrian stratas underlying the ore-bearing layers. The relatively high initial Sr isotope ratio indicates that the influence of continental crust was obvious in the metallogenic process.
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图 1 湘西北铅锌矿带区域构造略图
底图据杨绍祥和劳可通(2007a)修编.1.省界；2.矿田界线；3.向斜；4.背斜；5.走滑断层；6.正断层；7.逆断层；8.铅锌矿床
Fig. 1. Regional tectonic sketch of lead-zinc deposits in northwestern Hunan Province
图 2 五伦铅锌矿床地质图
1.第四系；2.新滩组；3.龙马溪组；4.宝塔组；5.牯牛潭组；6.大湾组；7.红花园组；8.桐梓组上段；9.桐梓组下段；10.娄山关组；11.地质界线；12.正断层；13.逆断层；14.岩层产状；15.铅锌矿体及编号；16.采样点；PDZ.主位移带；R、R′.里德尔剪裂；P.压剪性破裂；φ.内摩擦角
Fig. 2. Geological sketch of the Wulun lead-zinc ore district
图 3 五伦铅锌矿床矿石构造和显微照片
a.斑脉状构造，闪锌矿、方铅矿和粗晶方解石呈斑块状、脉状分布于粉晶灰岩中；b.黄铁矿、闪锌矿及方铅矿相互毗邻连生，单偏光；c.方铅矿交代细粒黄铁矿，单偏光；d.方铅矿包裹闪锌矿，单偏光；Sp.闪锌矿；Gn.方铅矿；Py.黄铁矿；Cal.方解石
Fig. 3. Ore structure and photomicrographs of sphalerite from the Wulun lead-zinc deposit
图 4 五伦铅锌矿床闪锌矿Rb-Sr同位素等时线
Fig. 4. Rb-Sr isochron of sphalerites from the Wulun lead-zinc deposit
图 5 五伦铅锌矿床闪锌矿1/Rb-87Rb/86Sr和1/Sr-87Sr/86Sr关系
Fig. 5. Diagrams of 1/Rb vs. 87Rb/86Sr and 1/Sr vs. 87Sr/86Sr of sphalerites from the Wulun lead-zinc deposit
图 6 湘西北铅锌矿床矿带外区域地层Pb、Zn的含量分布
K.白垩系；S.志留系；O3.奥陶系上统；O2.奥陶系中统；O1.奥陶系下统；∈4b.寒武系芙蓉统比条组；∈3-4c3.寒武系第三统-芙蓉统车夫组上段；∈3-4c2.寒武系第三统-芙蓉统车夫组中段；∈3-4c1.寒武系第三统-芙蓉统车夫组下段；∈3a3.寒武系第三统敖溪组上段；∈3a2.寒武系第三统敖溪组中段；∈3a1.寒武系第三统敖溪组下段；∈2q2.寒武系第二统清虚洞组上段；∈2q1.寒武系第二统清虚洞组下段；∈1-2s.寒武系纽芬兰统-第二统石牌组；∈1n.寒武系纽芬兰统牛蹄塘组；Z2l.震旦系上统留茶坡组；Z1d.震旦系下统陡山沱组；Nh3n.南华系上统南沱组；Nh2d.南华系中统大塘坡组；Nh1f南华系下统富禄组；QbB.青白口系板溪群；数据杨绍祥和劳可通(2007b)
Fig. 6. Distribution of Pb and Zn contents in strata outside the ore zone in northwest Hunan
表 1 五伦铅锌矿床闪锌矿Rb、Sr同位素分析结果
Table 1. Rb-Sr dating data for sphalerites from the Wulun lead-zinc deposit
序号 样品编号 样品名称 Rb(10-6) Sr(10-6) 87Rb/86Sr 87Sr/86Sr(1σ) 1 TW-1 闪锌矿 0.113 30 0.131 8 2.482 0 0719 33±0.000 10 2 TW-2 闪锌矿 0.194 90 0.139 4 4.038 0 0.724 65±0.000 08 3 TW-3 闪锌矿 0.049 06 0.136 1 1.040 0 0.714 44±0.000 03 4 TW-4 闪锌矿 0.100 40 0.120 2 2.412 0 0.718 87±0.000 07 5 TW-5 闪锌矿 0.065 91 0.389 5 0.488 1 0.712 55±0.000 06 
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表 2 奥陶系及其上、中、下统的锶同位素87Sr/86Sr平均值
Table 2. Average 87Sr/86Sr values for Ordovician and Upper, Middle and Lower Ordovician strata
地层 87Sr/86Sr比值 数据频数 Qing et al.(1998) 和Denison et al.(1998) McArthur et al.(1994) 奥陶系上统 0.707 970 0.707 961 65 奥陶系中统 0.708 061 0.708 505 22 奥陶系下统 0.708 737 0.708 988 157 奥陶系平均值 0.708 472 0.708 537 244
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