东昆仑加鲁河中三叠世含石榴石二云母花岗岩的成因及地质意义

王珂; 王连训; 马昌前; 朱煜翔; 高利远

doi:10.3799/dqkx.2018.393

东昆仑加鲁河中三叠世含石榴石二云母花岗岩的成因及地质意义

doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2018.393

中国地质大学地球科学学院, 地质过程与矿产资源国家重点实验室, 湖北武汉 430074

基金项目:

中国地质调查局地质调查项目 DD20160123-01

中国地质调查局地质调查项目 DD20160030

国家自然科学基金项目 41502046

详细信息

作者简介:
王珂(1994-), 男, 硕士研究生, 主要从事矿物学、岩石学、矿床学研究

通讯作者:
王连训

中图分类号: P581
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2018-12-16
- 刊出日期: 2020-02-15

Petrogenesis and Geological Implications of the Middle Triassic Garnet-Bearing Two-Mica Granite from Jialuhe Region, East Kunlun

State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources, Faculty of Earth Sciences, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China

摘要

摘要: 东昆仑造山带广泛发育晚古生代-早中生代富含暗色微粒包体的花岗闪长岩类，被认为是研究壳幔岩浆混合作用的天然实验室，然而同时代的过铝质-强过铝质型花岗岩在该地区鲜有报道.在东昆仑东段加鲁河地区新识别出一套含石榴石二云母花岗岩，为了探究其成因归属及地质意义，我们对其开展了详细的矿物学、岩石学、锆石U-Pb年代学、岩石地球化学及锆石Lu-Hf同位素研究.该套岩石呈多条近平行脉状侵入花岗闪长岩中，主要组成矿物包括石英、斜长石、钾长石、黑云母和白云母，副矿物中可见少量石榴石.LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年获得含石榴石二云母花岗岩成岩年龄为242.0±1.4 Ma，属于中三叠世岩浆活动产物.化学成分上，该岩石具有高SiO₂（74.49%~75.24%）、高K₂O（4.21%~4.33%）、低P₂O₅（0.02%~0.03%）含量和过铝质-强过铝质（A/CNK值为1.08~1.12）特征，表现出较高的分异程度.其U、Th、Pb、Rb等元素相对富集，Nb、Ta、P、Ti等元素相对亏损，其中P、Ti强烈亏损，这可能与磷灰石及钛磁铁矿的早期结晶分异有关.稀土元素总量较低为（61.55×10^-6~119.05×10^-6），有弱负Eu异常（δEu=0.51~0.65）.锆石ε_Hf（t）值变化范围为-8.19~-2.78（均值为-5.61），二阶段模式年龄（T_DM2）为1.3~1.6 Ga，全岩Nb/Ta比值8.22~9.67（接近地壳比值10.91），这与区域内近同期的黑云母二长花岗岩特征相似，均指示该岩石可能源于下地壳的重熔.岩石中广泛发育的富云包体暗示岩浆上升途中捕获围岩物质，岩浆存在明显同化混染作用.综上，本文认为东昆仑加鲁河地区的含石榴石二云母花岗岩脉为一套过铝质-强过铝质的高分异I型花岗岩，是下地壳部分熔融产生的长英质岩浆经历长期结晶分异作用并在上升途中受到围岩同化混染作用之后的产物.
- 东昆仑 /
- 含石榴石二云母花岗岩 /
- 高分异I型花岗岩 /
- 富云包体 /
- 同碰撞 /
- 地球化学
Abstract: Late Paleozoic to Early Mesozoic I-type granodiorites enriched in mafic microgranular enclaves are widespread in Eastern Kunlun orogen, which therefore has been considered as a natural laboratory for studying magma mixing between mantle- and crust-derived melts. In contrast, coeval peraluminum to strong peraluminous granitoids are rarely reported in this region. Recently, we identified a set of garnet-bearing two-mica granites in the Jialuhe region at eastern part of the East Kunlun Orogen. Hereby we present a synthetical mineralogy, petrology, zircon U-Pb geochronology, and lithogeochemistry and Lu-Hf isotope study on it, aiming to constrain its petrogenesis and tectonic implications. The rock outcropped as multiple sub-parallel dykes in the field, intruding into granodiorite. It mainly consists of quartz, plagioclase, k-feldspar, biotite and muscovite, with minor garnet as accessory minerals. LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb isotopic dating yields an age of 242.0±1.4 Ma, indicating that the garnet-bearing two-mica granites were formed in the Middle Triassic. Chemical analyses show that the rocks have characteristics of high SiO₂(74.49%~75.24%), K₂O(4.21%~4.33%), but low P₂O₅(0.02%~0.03%) contents, belonging to peraluminous to strong peraluminous series (A/CNK=1.08~1.12), showing a high degree of differentiation. They are relatively enriched in elements such as U, Th, Pb, Rb, but depleted in Nb, Ta and other related elements. Note that, P and Ti are strongly depleted, which may indicate early crystallization of apatite and titanomagnetite. The rocks also have a low total amounts of rare earth elements (61.55×10^-6~119.05×10^-6), and show a weak negative Eu anomaly (δEu=0.51~0.65). Their zircon ε_Hf(t) values ranged from -8.19 to -2.78 (mean of -5.61), with a two-stage model ages (T_DM2) of 1.3 Ga to 1.6 Ga Ma and whole-rock Nb/Ta ratios are 8.22~9.67 (close to continental crust ratio of 10.91). These features are similar to those of nearly coeval biotite monzogranite in the region, indicating that the rocks may be originated from remelting of lower crust. The biotite-rich enclaves are widely developed in the rocks, suggesting that the wall rock materials are captured during magma ascent, with obvious assimilation and contamination. Thus, we propose that the garnet-bearing two-mica granitic dykes belong to high-fractionated and peraluminous to strongly peraluminous I-type granites series, which are products of felsic magma produced by partial melting of lower crust undergoing long-term fractionation and being subjected to surrounding rocks assimilation during its ascent.
- East Kunlun /
- garnet-bearing two-mica granites /
- highly fractionated I-type granite /
- Biotite-rich enclaves /
- intercontinental collision /
- geochemistry

HTML全文

图 1 (a) 东昆仑造山带及邻区构造单元划分简图；(b)东昆仑东段加鲁河岩体分布示意图；(c)含石榴石二云母花岗岩脉剖面示意图(图a据陈国超等, 2016；图b据1：25万冬给措纳湖幅修改)

Fig. 1. (a) Tectonic units division of the East Kunlun Orogen and its adjacent area; (b) Distribution diagram for Jialuhe pluton in eastern part of Eastern Kunlun; (c) Profile geoligical map of the garnet-bearing two-mica granite dykes

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图 2 野外露头和镜下显微照片

a.含石榴石二云母花岗岩脉野外地质特征；b.富云母包体野外特征；c.含石榴石二云母花岗岩；d.含石榴石二云母花岗岩镜下特征(Qtz.石英、Pl.斜长石、Kfs.钾长石、Mic.微斜长石、Bi.黑云母；正交偏光镜)；e.原生白云母(Mus；正交偏光镜)；f.石榴石(Grt)：裂隙发育(单偏光镜)；g.富云包体中黑云母特征(蚀变及扭折现象；单偏光镜)；h.包体中斜长石及石英颗粒分布(正交偏光镜)

Fig. 2. Outcrop photograph and microscopic photograph

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图 3 (a) 锆石CL图像(白色圈-锆石年测点、空心圈-Hf同位素测点)；(b)锆石稀土配分模式图(球粒陨石标准化值据Sun and McDonough, 1989)；(c)和(d)含石榴石二云母花岗岩U-Pb年龄谐和图

Fig. 3. (a) Cathodoluminescence (CL) images of zircons (White circle - U-Pb dating; Vancant circle-Hf isotope); (b)Chondrite-normolized REE distribution pattern of the zircons; (c) and (d)Zircon U-Pb concordia diagram of Garnet-bearing two-mica granites from Jialuhe

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图 4 含石榴石二云母花岗岩主量元素判别图解

a. TAS判别图解，据Middlemost (1994)；b. SiO₂-K₂O判别图解，据Peccerillo and Taylor (1976)；c. A/NK-A/CNK判别图解，据Peccerillo and Taylor (1976)

Fig. 4. Major elements discrimination diagrams for the garnet-bearing two-mica granites

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图 5 含石榴石二云母花岗岩Harker图解

Fig. 5. Harker diagrams for Garnet-bearing two-mica granites

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图 6 (a) 含石榴石二云母花岗岩原始地幔标准化微量元素蛛网图和(b)球粒陨石标准化稀土元素配分模式图

原始地幔标准化值和球粒陨石标准化值据Sun and McDonough(1989)

Fig. 6. (a) Primitive mantle-normalized trace element spider diagram and (b)Chondrite-normolized REE distribution pattern of Garnet-bearing two-mica granites

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图 7 含石榴石二云母花岗岩脉ε_Hf(t)值和地壳模式年龄(T_DM2)柱状图

Fig. 7. Histograms (a) ε_Hf values and (b) crust model ages of garnet-bearing two-mica granites

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图 8 含石榴石二云母花岗岩中石榴石、白云母和斜长石主量元素图解

a.石榴石成分投影图，据Miller and Stoddard (1981)；b, c.白云母成分判别图，据孙涛等(2002)；d~f.寄主岩和富云包体中斜长石成分对比图(虚线连接代表同一个薄片)

Fig. 8. The major elements diagrams of garnet, muscovite and plagioclase in garnet-bearing two mica granites

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图 9 含石榴石二云母花岗岩成因判别图

a. K₂O-Na₂O判别图；b.花岗岩ACF图解；c. SiO₂-P₂O₅散点图；d. SiO₂-Pb散点图

Fig. 9. Discrimination diagrams of genesis type for garnet-bearing two-mica granites.

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图 10 含石榴石二云母花岗类型判别图解

a. 100×(MgO+FeO^T+TiO₂)/SiO₂-(Al₂O₃+CaO)/(FeO^T+Na₂O+K₂O); b. (Zr+Nb+Ce+Y)-(Na₂O+K₂O/CaO); c. (Zr+Nb+Ce+Y)-(FeO^T/MgO); 其中：OGT. I、S和M型花岗岩区；FG.分异的I型花岗岩；图a据Sylvester (1989)；图b，c据Eby (1990)

Fig. 10. Type discrimination diagram of garnet-bearing two-mica granites

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图 11 含石榴石二云母花岗岩的岩浆源区判别图解和锆石ε_Hf(t)平均值图解

图a据Douce (1999)

Fig. 11. Source discrimination diagram and Weighted average ε_Hf(t) of zicrons from garnet-bearing two-mica granites

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图 12 含石榴石二云母花岗岩中富云包体素描图

Fig. 12. Sketched map of the biotitte-riche enclaves in garnet-bearing two-mica granites

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图 13 含石榴石二云母花岗岩构造环境判别图

WPG.板内花岗岩；ORG.大洋中脊花岗岩；VAG.火山弧花岗岩；Syn-COLG.同碰撞花岗岩；图a据Pearce et al. (1984)；图b据Batchelor and Bowden (1985)

Fig. 13. Tectonic discrimination diagram of the garnet-bearing two-mica granites

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