Stratigraphic Division and Correlation of Ediacaran Doushantuo Formation in Zhangcunping Area, Yichang, Hubei Province
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摘要: 华南峡东地区（黄陵隆起南缘）的陡山沱组是国际上埃迪卡拉纪地层和生物与环境事件的研究热点之一，但近在咫尺的黄陵北缘陡山沱组地层研究相对较少，已有的研究不足以反映黄陵北缘陡山沱组地层的特征，甚至与黄陵南缘地区未能建立起明确的对比关系.选取了黄陵北缘樟村坪及其周边地区的4个完整的陡山沱组剖面进行研究，以完整连续的钻孔剖面为依据，配合露头剖面的宏观沉积现象，对埃迪卡拉系陡山沱组进行详细的划分和对比.将樟村坪地区陡山沱组岩石地层划分出4个岩性段，并在层序地层学上划分出两个半三级层序，层序界面分别位于陡山沱组底界、陡山沱组第二段第二亚段顶界和陡山沱组第三段与第四段分界处.通过与黄陵隆起南缘陡山沱组各段岩性比较分析，建立了南、北缘地层对比联系，从而为黄陵北缘磷矿区的地层学研究奠定了基础.Abstract: The Ediacaran Doushantuo Formation in Yangtze Gorges area is one of the most intensively investigated units for Ediacaran biological and environmental study in the world. However, the Doushantuo Formation was less investigated in the northern Huangling area than the southern one. The correlation of Doushantuo Formation between the two areas is still unclear. Four complete sections of the Doushantuo Formation, including two drill cores and two outcrop sections, are documented in this paper. The Doushantuo Formation in the northern Huangling area is subdivided into four members. Three sequence boundaries are recognized in the Doushantuo Formation, separately at the base of Member Ⅰ, the top of the second part of Member Ⅱ and the boundary between Member Ⅲ and Member Ⅳ. According to the lithostratigraphic and sequence stratigraphic studies, the Doushantuo Formation between the northern and southern Huangling areas can be well correlated. This study provides a firm base for the statigraphic study of the phosphate strata.
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图 2 ZK312钻孔剖面柱状图和部分岩心照片
a.剖面底部白云质胶结杂砾岩；b.泥-粉砂质胶结杂砾岩；c.陡山沱组第一段(岩石单元一)中皮壳状构造；d.陡山沱组第二段第一亚段(岩石单元二)顶部含磷层；e.陡山沱组第二段第二亚段(岩石单元三)灰白色厚层状白云岩夹硅磷质条带；f.陡山沱组第二段第四亚段(岩石单元五)下部灰黑色白云岩，箭头指向硅化六水碳钙石假晶；g.岩石单元五中灰黑色含硅质结核白云岩，箭头指向硅质结核；h.岩石单元五中灰黑色鲕粒白云岩；i.陡山沱组第三段(岩石单元六)上部灰白色白云岩；j.陡山沱组第四段(岩石单元七)灰黑色白云岩
Fig. 2. Stratigraphic column and some drill core photos at the ZK312 section
图 3 ZK407钻孔剖面柱状图和部分岩心照片
a.白云质胶结杂砾岩；b.陡山沱组第二段第三亚段(岩石单元四)磷块岩；c.陡山沱组第二段第四亚段(岩石单元五)灰黑色白云岩，箭头所指为硅化六水碳钙石假晶；d.陡山沱组第二段第四亚段(岩石单元五)灰黑色含硅质结核白云岩，箭头指向硅质结核；e.陡山沱组第三段(岩石单元六)含角砾白云岩，箭头指向角砾；f.陡山沱组第四段(岩石单元七)灰黑色白云岩
Fig. 3. Stratigraphic column and some drill core photos at the ZK407 drill core section
图 4 西岔河剖面柱状图和部分野外照片
a.陡山沱组与南沱组界线和陡山沱组第一段与第二段界线；b.陡山沱组第二段第一亚段(岩石单元二)内部结核，箭头指向结核；c.陡山沱组第二段第一亚段(岩石单元二)顶部磷质条带，箭头指向部分磷质条带；d.陡山沱组第二段第三亚段(岩石单元四)下部磷块岩；e.陡山沱组第二段第四亚段(岩石单元五)下部硅质结核，箭头指向硅质结核
Fig. 4. Stratigraphic column and some field photos at the Xichahe section
图 5 白鹭垭剖面柱状图和部分野外照片
a.为剖面陡山沱组第一段(岩石单元一)及与上下地层的接触关系；b.为陡山沱组第一段(岩石单元一)顶部叠层石；c.为陡山沱组第二段第二亚段(岩石单元三)上部含角砾白云岩，黑色箭头指向角砾；d.为陡山沱组第二段第二亚段(岩石单元三)与第三亚段(岩石单元四)分界；e.为陡山沱组第二段第四亚段(岩石单元五)灰黑色白云岩，箭头指向硅化六水碳钙石假晶；f.为陡山沱组第三段(岩石单元六)底部；g.为陡山沱组第三段(岩石单元六)中部；h.为陡山沱组第四段(岩石单元七)下部
Fig. 5. Stratigraphic column and some field photos at the Bailuya section
图 6 黄陵北缘与黄陵南缘陡山沱组剖面柱状对比
黑色虚线为岩石地层对比连线；红色实线为层序地层对比连线；黄陵南缘峡东地区以九龙湾剖面为例，据Zhu et al.(2013)
Fig. 6. Stratigraphic correlation of Doushantuo Formation between the northern and the southern Huangling areas
图 7 黄陵北缘樟村坪地区陡山沱组地层划分方案对比
Fig. 7. Relationship of the two Doushantuo Formation stratigraphic divisions in the northern Huangling area
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