Zircon U-Pb and Molybdenite Re-Os Dating of the Gangjiang Porphyry Cu-Mo Deposit in Central Gangdese and Its Geological Significance
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摘要: 岗讲铜钼矿床是西藏冈底斯成矿带中段典型的斑岩型矿床，岗讲矿床成岩成矿时代、岩浆演化过程及其与成岩成矿关系尚不明确，利用LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年方法对岗讲矿区主要岩体二长花岗斑岩、花岗闪长斑岩和英云闪长玢岩成岩时代进行研究，获得锆石U-Pb年龄加权平均值分别为16.6±0.3 Ma (MSWD=0.94，n=10)、16.1±0.2 Ma (MSWD=1.07，n=12)、14.4±0.4 Ma (MSWD=1.12，n=7)；同时采用辉钼矿Re-Os同位素测年方法首次对岗讲矿床石英硫化物脉中的辉钼矿进行定年，获得12件辉钼矿Re-Os同位素模式年龄集中于13.24±0.20 Ma~13.55±0.22 Ma，加权平均年龄为13.4±0.1 Ma (MSWD=0.65)，等时线年龄为13.6±1.6 Ma (MSWD=1.2).结果表明：(1) 岗讲矿区复式岩体侵入序列为含巨斑黑云二长花岗岩-二长花岗斑岩-花岗闪长斑岩-流纹斑岩 (深部定名为英云闪长玢岩)，成岩时限为16.6~14.4 Ma，成矿时代为13.4 Ma左右，成岩成矿是一个连续的岩浆演化过程；(2) 辉钼矿中Re含量为155.4~171.1 μg/g，均值为162.9 μg/g，指示其成矿物质中有幔源成分的加入；(3) 矿床产出于中新世印度-亚洲大陆碰撞后伸展构造环境.
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关键词:
- 地球化学 /
- 锆石U-Pb测年 /
- 辉钼矿Re-Os测年 /
- 斑岩铜钼矿床 /
- 冈底斯
Abstract: The Gangjiang Copper-Molybdenum deposit is a typical porphyry deposit, which locates in the Central Gangdese metallogenic belt. In order to determine the ages of magmatism and mineralization, and disentangle the complicated magmatic evolution and the relationship between magmatic process and copper-molybdenum mineralization, the author carried out a study of LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb ages of the monzogranite porphyry, granodiorite porphyry, and tonalite porphyrite in Gangjiang mining area. It is shown that the zircon U-Pb weighted isochron ages are 16.6±0.3 Ma (MSWD=0.94, n=10), 16.1±0.2 Ma (MSWD=1.07, n=12), 14.4±0.4 Ma (MSWD=1.12, n=7). Meanwhile, twelve molybdenite samples separated from quartz sulfides in Gangjiang copper orebodies were used for Re-Os dating, and the model ages obtained range from 13.24±0.20 Ma to 13.55±0.22 Ma, with weighted average 13.4±0.1 Ma (MSWD=0.65) and isochron age 13.6±1.6 Ma (MSWD=1.2). On the basis of geological studies, and conbined with the results mentioned above and previous research data, it is proposed that the rock mass intrusion sequence is monzogranite porphyry→granodiorite porphyry→tonalite porphyrite→rhyolite porphyry. The porphyry occurred ranges from 16.6 Ma to 14.4 Ma, and the mineralization age of Gangjiang deposit is about 13.4 Ma, and petrogenetic and metallogenic is a continuous process of magmatic evolution. The Re content of the molybdenite is 155.4-171.1 μg/g, with an average of 162.9 μg/g, suggesting that the metallogenic material originated from a source with mantle components. Gangjiang porphyry copper-molybdenum deposit was formed in post-collisional extension setting of India-Asia continental collision orogenic belt during the Miocene.-
Key words:
- geochemistry /
- zircon U-Pb dating /
- molybdenite Re-Os dating /
- porphyry Cu-Mo deposit /
- Gangdese
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图 1 冈底斯成矿带大地构造位置 (a)、矿床分布 (b) 及岗讲矿区地质简图 (c)
a.据芮宗瑶等 (2004)；b.据冷秋锋等 (2015)；c.据张庆松等 (2012)
Fig. 1. Tectonic location of the Gangdese metallogenic belt (a), the distribution of main porphyry deposit (b) and geological sketch of Gangjiang mining area (c)
图 2 岗讲矿区8号勘探线地质剖面
第四系浮土层；2.流纹斑岩；3.英云闪长玢岩；4.花岗闪长斑岩；5.二长花岗斑岩；6.钻孔；7.Cu-Mo矿 (化) 体；8.氧化-原生矿化带划分线 (a.氧化带；b.混合矿化带；c.原生矿化带)；9.平硐及编号；10.采样位置；据四川省冶金地质勘查院 (2012)修改
Fig. 2. Line No.8 geological section of the Gangjiang mining area
图 3 岗讲铜钼矿床岩浆序列岩石及矿石手标本及显微照片
a.二长花岗斑岩手标本；b.花岗闪长斑岩手标本 (呈岩脉产出)；c.英云闪长玢岩手标本；d.二长花岗斑岩；e.花岗闪长斑岩；f.英云闪长玢岩；g.辉钼矿-石英细脉；h.细脉状辉钼矿化截面 (辉钼矿呈鳞片状)；i.辉钼矿 (产出于岩体节理裂隙面上).Bt.黑云母；Chl.绿泥石；Kfs.钾长石；Pl.斜长石；Q.石英；Ccp.黄铜矿；Mo.辉钼矿
Fig. 3. Hand specimen and microscopic photographs of magmatic series rocks and ore in Gangjiang copper-molybdenum deposit
图 4 岗讲铜钼矿床二长花岗斑岩 (a)、花岗闪长斑岩 (b) 和英云闪长玢岩 (c) 锆石阴极发光图像
Fig. 4. CL images of zircons from monzogranite (a), granodiorite (b) and tonolity (c) in Gangjiang copper-molybdenum deposit
图 5 岗讲铜钼矿床二长花岗斑岩 (a)、花岗闪长斑岩 (b) 和英云闪长玢岩 (c) 锆石U-Pb谐和图解
Fig. 5. Zircon U-Pb concoria diagram from monzogranite (a), granodiorite (b) and tonolity (c) in Gangjiang copper-molybdenum deposit
图 6 岗讲矿床辉钼矿Re-Os等时线年龄 (a) 及加权平均平均年龄 (b)
Fig. 6. Re-Os isotopic isochron (a) and weighted meanmodel age (b) of molybdenite in Gangjiang deposit
图 7 冈底斯成矿带成岩成矿时代频谱
Fig. 7. Spectrum diagrams of diagenesis and ore-forming ages in Gangdese metallogenic belt
表 1 岗讲铜钼矿床锆石U-Pb测年样品采集位置
Table 1. The collection location of zircon U-Pb dating sample in Gangjiang copper-molybdenum deposit
二长花岗斑岩 (共8件) 花岗闪长斑岩 (共8件) 英云闪长玢岩 (共9件) ZKW0800-410 m ZK2411-512 m DZK1201-431 m QZK301-520 m ZK1604-425 m ZK2006-430 m ZK2411-512 m ZK807-140 m ZKN812-424 m BZK1514-425 m ZK802-81 m GJ18-84 m ZK2003-25 m ZK805-97 m ZK807-111 m ZK807-133 m ZK805-77 m GJ21-22 m ZK803-120 m ZK807-114 m ZK1204-102 m ZK1204-115 m ZK2005-49 m GJ15-95 m ZK1204-119 m 
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表 2 岗讲铜钼矿床岩体LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年结果
Table 2. LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb dating results of rocks in Gangjiang copper-molybdenum deposit
测点 同位素比值 年龄 (Ma) 207Pb/206Pb 1σ 207Pb/235U 1σ 206Pb/238U 1σ 207Pb/235U 1σ 206Pb/238U 1σ A5508-1(二长花岗斑岩) 1.1 0.055 6 18.53 0.017 0 16.12 0.002 3 11.91 17.2 2.8 15.1 1.6 1.2 0.061 3 48.51 0.021 6 56.52 0.002 6 18.12 21.7 5.2 16.7 0.2 2.1 0.096 4 69.04 0.039 5 72.72 0.003 1 29.09 29.4 4.6 20.2 1.2 2.2 0.127 0 73.80 0.041 0 92.32 0.002 6 14.60 20.8 3.2 16.4 0.3 3.1 0.057 3 34.65 0.019 9 31.77 0.002 8 34.06 20.0 2.3 17.8 1.1 4.1 0.051 3 18.03 0.033 3 23.00 0.005 0 17.96 33.3 0.7 32.4 2.0 5.1 0.137 9 39.88 0.057 0 36.88 0.003 1 20.14 26.3 6.3 20.0 1.3 5.2 0.058 1 36.35 0.019 2 35.71 0.002 5 13.39 19.4 3.6 15.9 0.7 6.1 0.068 4 47.13 0.024 2 53.65 0.002 7 31.89 24.2 6.9 17.1 0.4 7.1 0.149 9 47.62 0.056 6 54.85 0.002 8 11.81 25.9 7.2 17.9 1.2 8.1 0.103 6 46.09 0.039 6 54.65 0.002 9 25.36 29.4 9.9 18.4 1.7 8.2 0.050 2 30.84 0.016 3 30.06 0.002 5 19.64 16.4 0.2 16.2 0.5 9.1 0.063 3 44.20 0.021 5 50.43 0.002 5 18.89 21.6 4.7 16.2 0.5 10.1 0.193 3 57.63 0.089 7 94.92 0.003 1 28.31 26.7 5.9 20.0 1.4 11.1 0.048 4 39.74 0.016 2 40.86 0.002 5 11.75 16.4 0.5 16.1 0.6 A5508-2(花岗闪长斑岩) 1.1 0.055 9 31.52 0.019 7 29.17 0.002 6 21.33 19.8 2.9 16.9 0.7 2.1 0.066 5 61.17 0.024 7 73.83 0.002 6 13.62 24.8 2.1 16.9 0.8 3.1 0.063 8 15.21 0.019 0 24.30 0.002 3 26.64 19.1 3.6 14.9 1.2 4.1 0.054 5 27.50 0.018 8 29.95 0.002 6 14.88 18.9 3.8 16.7 0.4 5.1 0.065 3 42.44 0.022 6 50.15 0.002 5 20.35 22.6 0.1 16.0 0.2 5.2 0.064 3 51.95 0.023 5 52.82 0.002 7 15.37 23.6 0.9 17.2 1.1 6.1 0.053 8 26.90 0.023 9 23.02 0.003 4 21.31 24.0 1.3 21.8 1.2 7.1 0.051 9 38.19 0.016 9 39.80 0.002 4 24.69 17.0 5.7 15.6 0.6 8.1 0.076 5 60.94 0.025 6 49.16 0.002 6 24.19 25.6 2.9 16.6 0.5 8.2 0.093 9 31.28 0.0316 1 31.92 0.002 6 30.23 31.1 8.4 17.1 1.0 9.1 0.071 8 17.57 0.020 2 18.57 0.002 2 10.10 20.3 2.4 14.2 1.9 10.1 0.095 1 44.87 0.035 6 47.26 0.002 8 22.77 35.6 12.9 17.8 1.5 10.2 0.064 5 20.73 0.020 7 16.25 0.002 5 13.34 20.8 1.9 16.0 0.2 11.1 0.068 3 33.06 0.020 4 30.32 0.002 3 14.77 20.5 2.2 15.0 1.1 12.1 0.055 2 23.83 0.016 8 22.83 0.002 4 15.99 16.9 5.8 15.3 0.8 A5508-3(英云闪长玢岩) 1.1 0.085 9 62.46 0.027 4 72.79 0.002 4 12.68 15.9 1.7 15.1 0.2 2.1 0.166 6 37.31 0.053 4 42.55 0.002 4 21.51 16.5 1.1 15.7 0.6 3.1 0.363 2 51.42 0.199 6 70.10 0.004 0 29.38 27.6 9.8 25.7 1.5 3.2 0.233 9 53.81 0.112 1 90.62 0.003 2 32.24 22.4 4.8 20.5 0.9 4.1 0.139 3 82.71 0.067 5 159.91 0.002 5 61.90 16.8 0.8 16.2 1.0 4.2 0.132 2 36.19 0.042 4 56.54 0.002 3 22.53 15.5 2.1 14.9 0.2 5.1 0.165 3 81.51 0.057 3 66.78 0.002 6 23.67 18.1 0.5 16.9 1.7 6.1 0.085 3 21.70 0.024 1 25.85 0.002 1 18.17 14.6 3.0 13.6 1.6 7.1 0.140 1 46.11 0.047 0 54.41 0.002 5 24.08 17.8 0.2 16.3 1.3 7.2 0.094 6 37.37 0.026 5 44.30 0.002 1 15.04 14.2 3.4 13.3 1.6 8.1 0.190 1 77.91 0.083 6 122.76 0.002 7 40.34 19.4 1.8 17.1 1.9 9.1 0.063 0 17.54 0.018 3 24.82 0.002 0 12.10 13.5 4.1 13.1 2.0 10.1 0.103 9 40.96 0.030 9 38.48 0.002 2 12.53 16.6 1.0 14.2 0.8
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表 3 岗讲铜钼矿床辉钼矿Re-Os同位素分析结果
Table 3. Re-Os isotopic data of molybdenites from Gangjiang copper-molybdenum deposit
样品编号 样重 (g) Re±2σ(μg/g) 普Os±2σ(ng/g) 187Re±2σ(μg/g) 187Os±2σ(ng/g) 模式年龄 (Ma) BSPD2-03-1 0.005 04 161.3±1.4 0.001 6±0.037 1 101.4±0.9 22.38±0.17 13.24±0.20 BSPD2-03-2 0.010 06 163.8±1.8 0.065 2±0.018 4 102.9±1.1 23.23±0.14 13.55±0.22 BSPD2-03-3 0.010 53 165.0±2.0 0.115 2±0.025 3 103.7±1.2 23.22±0.17 13.44±0.23 BSPD2-03-4 0.010 28 161.0±1.4 0.000 8±0.050 2 101.2±0.9 22.81±0.13 13.52±0.19 BSPD2-03-5 0.010 44 155.9±1.3 0.091 5±0.017 8 98.0±0.8 21.92±0.16 13.42±0.20 BSPD2-03-6 0.010 18 165.0±1.4 0.105 1±0.033 0 103.7±0.9 23.16±0.15 13.41±0.19 BSPD2-03-7 0.010 38 171.1±1.5 0.105 9±0.025 3 107.6±0.9 23.95±0.14 13.36±0.19 BSPD2-03-8 0.010 36 164.8±1.4 0.110 8±0.018 2 103.6±0.9 23.08±0.16 13.38±0.20 BSPD2-03-9 0.010 07 165.8±1.3 0.092 8±0.018 4 104.2±0.8 23.18±0.14 13.35±0.19 BSPD2-03-10 0.010 96 162.5±1.3 0.000 7±0.119 9 102.2±0.8 22.72±0.16 13.35±0.19 BSPD2-03-11 0.010 36 155.4±1.1 0.060 4±0.026 0 97.7±0.7 21.75±0.16 13.36±0.19 BSPD2-03-12 0.010 73 162.9±1.2 0.092 4±0.025 2 102.4±0.8 22.79±0.22 13.36±0.21
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