西藏拉抗俄斑岩Cu-Mo矿床含矿斑岩地球化学、锆石U-Pb年代学及Hf同位素组成

冷秋锋; 唐菊兴; 郑文宝; 王保宏; 唐攀; 王豪

doi:10.3799/dqkx.2016.083

西藏拉抗俄斑岩Cu-Mo矿床含矿斑岩地球化学、锆石U-Pb年代学及Hf同位素组成

doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2016.083

冷秋锋^1,,
唐菊兴²,
郑文宝^2,3, ,,
王保宏⁴,
唐攀¹,
王豪¹

1.
成都理工大学地球科学学院，四川成都 610059
2.
中国地质科学院矿产资源研究所，国土资源部成矿作用与资源评价重点实验室，北京 100037
3.
中国地质大学地球科学与资源学院，北京 100083
4.
内蒙古地质矿产勘查院，内蒙古呼和浩特 010010

基金项目:

中国地质调查局项目 12120114050501

国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)项目 2011CB403103

中国地质调查局项目 12120113093700

国家自然科学基金项目 41302060

详细信息

作者简介:
冷秋锋(1986-)，男，博士研究生，主要从事矿物学、岩石学、矿床学方面的研究.E-mail: lengqiufeng9@126.com

通讯作者:
郑文宝，E-mail: zhengwenbao2009@sina.com

中图分类号: P597
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2015-11-30
- 刊出日期: 2016-06-15

Geochronology, Geochemistry and Zircon Hf Isotopic Compositions of the Ore-Bearing Porphyry in the Lakang'e Porphyry Cu-Mo Deposit, Tibet

1.
College of Earth Sciences, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China
2.
MLR Key Laboratory of Metallogeny and Mineral Assessment, Institute of Mineral Resources, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing 100037, China
3.
School of Earth Science and Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China
4.
Institute of Geological Survey and Mineral Exploration, Inner Mongolia, Hohhot 010010, China

摘要

摘要: 拉抗俄Cu-Mo矿床是冈底斯成矿带东段典型的斑岩型矿床，前人对该矿床进行了初步的矿床地球化学研究，但欠缺系统性.在系统的野外地质调查基础上，对拉抗俄斑岩Cu-Mo矿床的含矿斑岩开展了详细的地球化学和年代学研究，旨在精确确定矿床含矿斑岩的成岩年龄、岩石成因及源区特征.岩石地球化学特征显示，含矿花岗闪长斑岩富硅，相对贫镁和钙，SiO₂含量为62.51%~72.41%，MgO含量为0.59%~1.30%，CaO含量为0.95%~3.44%；碱含量高，Na₂O含量为3.51%~4.75%，K₂O含量为3.30%~4.97%；偏铝质或弱的过铝质，A/CNK比值为0.90~1.01；相对富集大离子亲石元素Rb、Ba、Th、U、Sr，明显亏损Nb、Ta、Ti、P、Zr等高场强元素.岩体稀土总量较低，为82.80×10^-6~132.09×10^-6；富集轻稀土，且轻重稀土分异明显；具有弱的Eu负异常和弱Ce负异常.采用LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb同位素测年技术对含矿花岗闪长斑岩进行定年，岩体成岩年龄为13.58±0.42 Ma，系中新世岩浆活动的产物.锆石ε_Hf(t)值为-3.99~4.49，Hf同位素两阶段模式年龄t_DM2为808~1 349 Ma.研究结果显示拉抗俄含矿花岗闪长斑岩具有埃达克岩地球化学特征，其岩浆源区主要来源于新生地壳部分熔融的组分，在岩浆侵位过程中遭受了古老地壳物质的混染，岩石形成于印度-亚洲大陆碰撞造山带的后碰撞伸展构造背景.
- 地球化学 /
- 锆石U-Pb测年 /
- Hf同位素 /
- 冈底斯成矿带 /
- 西藏
Abstract: The Lakang'e Cu-Mo deposit is a typical porphyry deposit in the eastern Gangdese metallogenic belt, on which previous geochemical studies are not adequate and systematic.In this paper, we present the results of the systematic logging of drillholes and provide new petrological zircon U-Pb age, and Hf isotope data for the deposit that allow the identification of the timing of formation and mineralization of the Lakang'e porphyry Cu-Mo deposit and the relationship between this deposit and other porphyry-type deposits in the Gangdese belt.Chemical analyses show that the ore-bearing granodiorite-porphyry has high SiO₂, low Mg and Ca (SiO₂=62.51% to 72.41%, MgO=0.59% to 1.30%, CaO=0.95% to 3.44%), highalkaline (Na₂O=3.51% to 4.75%, K₂O=3.30% to 4.97%), metaluminous (A/CNK=0.90 to 1.01), enriched in LILES such as Rb, Ba, Th, U, Sr, and depleted in HFSES such as Nb, Ta, Ti, P and Zr. The rocks also display low total REEcontents (∑REE=82.80×10^-6 to 132.09×10^-6), enriched LREE and differentiate obviously, with weakly negative Eu and Ce anomalies. LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb dating indicates that the Lakang'e ore-bearing granodiorite-porphyry emplaced at 13.58±0.42 Ma. ε_Hf(t) values and two-stage model ages of zircons are -3.99 to 4.49 and 808 to 1349 Ma respectively. The results indicate that the ore-bearing granodiorite-porphyry in the Lakang'e deposit has adakitegeochemical characteristics, and the parental magmas were mainly derived from a juvenile crust and partly mixed with old continental crust rock during the evolution. The porphyry in Lakang'edeposit was formed in post-collisional extension setting of India-Asia continental collision orogenic belt.
- geochemistry /
- zircon U-Pb dating /
- Hf isotopic compositions /
- Gangdese metallogenic belt /
- Tibet

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图 1 冈底斯成矿带地质简图及主要斑岩-矽卡岩矿床分布

矿床：1.汤不拉；2.亚贵拉；3.沙让；4.洞中拉；5.吹败子；6.弄如日；7.冲木达；8.蒙亚啊；9.哈海岗；10.甲玛；11.驱龙；12.拉抗俄；13.程巴；14.努日；15.克鲁；16.达布；17.厅宫；18.冲江；19.吉如；20.雄村；21.朱诺.SL.南冈底斯；CL.中冈底斯；NL.北冈底斯；BNSZ.班公湖-怒江缝合带；SNMZ.狮泉河-纳木错蛇绿混杂岩带；LMF.洛巴堆-米拉山断裂带；IYZSZ.印度河-雅鲁藏布江缝合带；底图据Zheng et al.(2014)修改

Fig. 1. Geological sketch of the Gangdese metallogenic belt showing the major ore deposit

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图 2 拉抗俄矿区地质简图

1.第四系残坡积物、冲洪积物；2.上侏罗统多底沟组一段；3.中下侏罗统叶巴组二段；4.中下侏罗统叶巴组一段；5.花岗斑岩；6.花岗闪长斑岩；7.地质界线；8.实测断层；9.钻孔及编号；10.勘探线及编号

Fig. 2. Geological sketch of Lakang'e mining area

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图 3 拉抗俄矿床含矿花岗闪长斑岩手标本及正交偏光镜下照片

Qtz.石英；Bi.黑云母；Pl.斜长石

Fig. 3. Photograph and microphotograph of ore-bearing granodiorite-porphyry in Lakang'e deposit

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图 4 含矿花岗闪长斑岩锆石CL照片

Fig. 4. CL images of zircons from the ore-bearing granodiorite-porphyry

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图 5 含矿花岗闪长斑岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb测年谐和图解

Fig. 5. Zircon U-Pb concoria diagram from the ore-bearing granodiorite-porphyry

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图 6 拉抗俄含矿斑岩SiO₂-K₂O (a)、A/CNK-A/NK关系(b)

Fig. 6. Relations of SiO₂-K₂O (a)、A/CNK-A/NK (b) from the Lakang'e ore-bearing porphyry

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图 7 拉抗俄含矿斑岩稀土元素配分曲线(a)和微量元素蛛网图(b)

a.球粒陨石数据，据Sun and McDonough (1989)；b.原始地幔数据，据McDonough et al.(1992)

Fig. 7. Chondrite-normalized REE distribution patterns (a) and primitive mantle-normalized trace element spider diagrams (b) of the ore-bearing porphyry in Lakang'e deposit

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图 8 拉抗俄含矿花岗闪长斑岩Sr/Y-Y(a)和(La/Yb)_N-Yb_N(b)关系

底图据Defant and Drummond (1990)

Fig. 8. Relations of Sr/Y-Y (a) and (La/Yb)_N-Yb_N (b) from the Lakang'e ore-bearing porphyry

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图 9 拉抗俄含矿花岗闪长斑岩锆石U-Pb年龄-Hf同位素组成关系

驱龙数据杨志明(2008)；甲玛数据引自应立娟，未刊资料；邦铺数据引自王立强，未刊资料；QL.驱龙；JM.甲玛；BP.邦铺；底图据侯增谦等(2012)

Fig. 9. Relations between U-Pb ages and Hf isotopic composition of zircons from the ore-bearing granodiorite-porphyry in Lakang'e deposit

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图 10 拉抗俄含矿花岗闪长斑岩R₁-R₂构造环境判别关系

① 幔斜长花岗岩；② 破坏性活动板块边缘(板块碰撞前)花岗岩；③ 版块碰撞后隆起期花岗岩；④ 晚造期花岗岩；⑤ 非造山期A型花岗岩；⑥ 同碰撞(S型)花岗岩；⑦ 造山期后A型花岗岩.底图据Bachelor and Bowden(1985)

Fig. 10. R₁-R₂ factor diagram of the ore-bearing granodiorite-porphyry in Lakang'e deposit

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表 1 拉抗俄矿床含矿花岗闪长斑岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年结果

Table 1. LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb analyses of the ore-bearing granodiorite-porphyry in Lakang'e deposit

分析点号	组成(10^-6)		Th/U	同位素比值						年龄(Ma)
分析点号	Th	U	Th/U	²⁰⁷Pb/²⁰⁶Pb	1σ	²⁰⁷Pb/²³⁵U	1σ	²⁰⁶Pb/²³⁸U	1σ	²⁰⁷Pb/²⁰⁶Pb	1σ	²⁰⁷Pb/²³⁵U	1σ	²⁰⁶Pb/²³⁸U	1σ
1	3 408.84	1 874.23	1.82	0.048 83	0.010 02	0.014 88	0.003 18	0.002 17	0.000 10	138.98	422.17	15.00	3.18	13.97	0.62
2	4 429.35	2 355.40	1.88	0.048 33	0.003 22	0.014 07	0.000 96	0.002 11	0.000 04	122.31	142.57	14.19	0.96	13.60	0.27
3	2 717.49	1 351.95	2.01	0.046 02	0.006 03	0.014 42	0.003 03	0.002 21	0.000 21	error		14.54	3.03	14.22	1.37
4	2 424.72	1 544.63	1.57	0.048 02	0.008 41	0.013 34	0.002 95	0.001 95	0.000 13	101.94	375.88	13.46	2.95	12.56	0.81
5	707.50	1 054.51	0.67	0.053 07	0.014 73	0.015 94	0.003 03	0.002 38	0.000 19	331.54	531.11	16.06	3.02	15.30	1.23
6	1 870.43	1 360.07	1.38	0.051 36	0.011 59	0.015 08	0.003 09	0.002 24	0.000 13	257.47	448.10	15.19	3.09	14.39	0.82
7	2 931.11	3 478.54	0.84	0.050 55	0.009 81	0.013 95	0.002 55	0.002 02	0.000 05	220.44	396.25	14.07	2.56	13.01	0.31
8	1 799.15	1 552.69	1.16	0.048 20	0.009 44	0.016 25	0.003 69	0.002 46	0.000 31	109.35	407.36	16.36	3.68	15.86	2.00
9	14 711.74	3 800.91	3.87	0.050 76	0.006 49	0.016 48	0.001 97	0.002 42	0.000 08	231.55	270.34	16.60	1.97	15.59	0.53

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表 2 拉抗俄矿床含矿花岗闪长斑岩主量元素含量(%)、CIPW标准矿物及相关参数

Table 2. Major oxide compositions (%) with calculated CIPW-normative minerals and parameters of the ore-bearing granodiorite-porphyry in Lakang'e deposit

样品编号-深度(m)	SiO₂	Al₂O₃	Fe₂O₃	FeO	MgO	CaO	Na₂O	K₂O	TiO₂	MnO	P₂O₅	烧失量	总量	/	/	/	Q	An	Ab	Or	C	Di	Hy	Ⅱ	Mt	Ap	A/CNK	A/NK	SI	AR	AKI	DI
ZK201-26.8	67.40	14.61	0.97	3.07	1.03	1.90	4.56	3.30	0.34	0.060	0.14	2.01	99.39	/	/	/	21.62	8.72	39.60	20.05	0.44	/	7.13	0.66	1.44	0.34	1.01	1.32	7.97	2.82	0.76	81.27
ZK201-86.0	62.51	15.51	1.15	2.63	1.30	3.44	4.48	3.43	0.53	0.060	0.21	4.06	99.32	/	/	/	14.67	12.68	39.78	21.30	/	3.13	5.12	1.06	1.75	0.51	0.90	1.40	10.00	2.43	0.72	75.75
ZK201-47.8	66.45	14.96	0.84	2.71	1.12	1.99	4.72	3.45	0.39	0.050	0.16	2.64	99.48	/	/	/	19.23	9.10	41.20	21.08	0.24	/	6.74	0.77	1.25	0.39	0.99	1.30	8.72	2.86	0.77	81.51
ZK101-109.7	72.42	12.84	0.44	1.89	0.67	0.95	3.51	4.97	0.24	0.050	0.09	1.35	99.42	/	/	/	29.47	4.20	30.29	29.97	0.17	/	4.57	0.46	0.65	0.21	1.00	1.15	5.83	4.20	0.87	89.73
ZK101-140.2	71.92	13.33	0.65	1.87	0.68	1.06	3.67	4.92	0.24	0.040	0.10	1.06	99.54	/	/	/	27.98	4.70	31.53	29.55	0.27	/	4.33	0.47	0.95	0.23	1.00	1.17	5.77	3.96	0.85	89.06
ZK101-431.8	69.80	14.42	0.84	1.38	0.59	1.95	4.75	3.48	0.24	0.003	0.08	2.12	99.64	/	/	/	24.29	7.97	41.19	21.07	/	1.16	2.43	0.46	1.24	0.19	0.95	1.24	5.35	3.02	0.80	86.55
注：Q.石英；An.钙长石；Ab.钠长石；Or.钾长石；C.刚玉；Di.透辉石；Hy.紫苏辉石；Ⅱ.钛铁矿；Mt.磁铁矿；Ap.磷灰石；A/CNK=n(Al₂O₃)/[n(CaO)+n(Na₂O)+n(K2O)]；A/NK=n(Al₂O₃)/[n(Na₂O)+n(K₂O)]；AKI=[n(Na₂O)+n(K₂O)]/n(Al₂O₃)；SI.固结指数；AR.莱特碱度率；DI.分异指数.

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表 3 拉抗俄矿床含矿花岗闪长斑岩微量及稀土元素含量(10^-6)及相关参数

Table 3. Results of trace and REE compositions (10^-6) and parameters of the ore-bearing granodiorite-porphyry in Lakang'e deposit

样品编号-深度(m)	Rb	Ba	Th	U	K	Ta	Nb	Sr	Nd	P	Zr	Hf	Sm	Ti	Y	Yb	Lu	/	/	/	/	/	La	Ce	Pr	Nd	Sm	Eu	Gd	Tb	Dy	Ho	Er	Tm	Yb	Lu	Y	∑REE	LREE	HREE	LREE/HREE	La_N/Yb_N	Eu/Eu^*	Ce/Ce^*
ZK201-26.8	94	538	5.74	1.43	27 419	0.27	1.68	594	21.92	623	102	2.89	3.55	2034	5.62	0.49	0.08	/	/	/	/	/	23.79	40.88	5.08	21.92	3.55	1.06	2.42	0.27	1.11	0.20	0.61	0.08	0.49	0.08	5.62	101.54	96.28	5.26	18.31	34.68	1.05	0.87
ZK201-86.0	92	648	3.79	1.89	28 498	0.19	2.39	688	29.64	923	114	1.63	4.91	3195	4.92	0.44	0.06	/	/	/	/	/	23.44	48.23	6.54	29.64	4.91	1.34	3.26	0.34	1.25	0.21	0.58	0.07	0.44	0.06	4.92	120.32	114.10	6.22	18.35	38.66	0.96	0.94
ZK201-47.8	119	729	5.26	1.41	28 673	0.21	1.86	509	31.33	709	112	3.22	4.78	2347	6.09	0.53	0.08	/	/	/	/	/	30.10	50.96	7.36	31.33	4.78	1.19	3.14	0.34	1.30	0.24	0.66	0.08	0.53	0.08	6.09	132.09	125.73	6.36	19.77	41.05	0.88	0.81
ZK101-109.7	145	1416	8.49	2.41	41 291	0.13	1.29	392	18.70	397	89	1.30	2.90	1423	5.35	0.42	0.07	/	/	/	/	/	18.98	32.64	4.49	18.70	2.90	0.82	1.99	0.22	0.88	0.17	0.48	0.06	0.42	0.07	5.35	82.80	78.52	4.28	18.33	32.33	0.99	0.84
ZK101-140.2	132	737	7.11	2.09	40 876	0.11	1.11	483	18.44	422	94	2.78	2.84	1456	3.92	0.42	0.07	/	/	/	/	/	18.66	35.29	4.31	18.44	2.84	0.84	2.02	0.22	0.87	0.16	0.46	0.06	0.42	0.07	3.92	84.66	80.39	4.27	18.81	32.10	1.02	0.93
ZK101-431.8	82	602	7.58	2.16	28 864	0.13	1.25	548	20.70	357	113	3.27	3.09	1415	5.49	0.56	0.09	/	/	/	/	/	23.29	34.37	5.01	20.70	3.09	0.84	2.16	0.25	1.04	0.20	0.60	0.08	0.56	0.09	5.49	92.28	87.29	4.99	17.51	29.65	0.94	0.74
注：Eu/Eu^=2Eu_N/(Sm_N+Gd_N)；Ce/Ce^=2Ce_N/(La_N+Pr_N).

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表 4 拉抗俄矿床花岗闪长斑岩锆石Hf同位素组成

Table 4. Hf isotope composition of zircons from the ore-bearing granodiorite-porphyry in Lakang'e deposit

测点	年龄(Ma)	¹⁷⁶Yb/¹⁷⁷Hf	¹⁷⁶Lu/¹⁷⁷Hf	¹⁷⁶Hf/¹⁷⁷Hf	1σ	¹⁷⁶Hf/¹⁷⁷Hf(t)	ε_Hf(o)	ε_Hf(t)	t_DM1(Ma)	t_DM2(Ma)	f_Lu/Hf
2	13.60	0.039 932	0.001 656	0.282 891	0.000 011	0.282 887	4.21	4.49	521	808	-0.95
3	14.22	0.019 518	0.000 852	0.282 777	0.000 014	0.282 955	0.16	0.47	672	1 065	-0.97
4	12.56	0.084 787	0.002 967	0.282 823	0.000 013	0.282 854	1.80	2.05	642	962	-0.91
5	15.30	0.016 333	0.000 734	0.282 650	0.004 367	0.259 309	-4.32	-3.99	848	1 349	-0.98
6	14.39	0.021 006	0.000 885	0.282 749	0.000 013	0.282 897	-0.83	-0.52	712	1 128	-0.97
7	13.01	0.020 204	0.000 919	0.282 738	0.000 011	0.282 975	-1.19	-0.91	727	1 152	-0.97
8	15.86	0.016 218	0.000 783	0.282 691	0.000 014	0.282 967	-2.88	-2.54	792	1 257	-0.98
注：ε_Hf(t)=10 000{[(¹⁷⁶Hf/¹⁷⁷Hf)_S-(¹⁷⁶Lu/¹⁷⁷Hf)_S×(e^λt-1)]/[(¹⁷⁶Hf/¹⁷⁷Hf)_{CHUR, 0}-(¹⁷⁶Lu/¹⁷⁷Hf)_CHUR×(e^λt-1)]-1}；t_DM=1/λ×ln{1+[(¹⁷⁶Hf/¹⁷⁷Hf)_S-(¹⁷⁶Hf/¹⁷⁷Hf)_DM]/[(¹⁷⁶Lu/¹⁷⁷Hf)_S-(¹⁷⁶Lu/¹⁷⁷Hf)_DM]}；t_DM^C=1/λ×ln{1+[(¹⁷⁶Hf/¹⁷⁷Hf)_{S, t}-(¹⁷⁶Hf/¹⁷⁷Hf)_{DM, t}]/[(¹⁷⁶Lu/¹⁷⁷Hf)_C-(¹⁷⁶Lu/¹⁷⁷Hf)_DM]}+t；球粒陨石及亏损地幔现在的¹⁷⁶Hf/¹⁷⁷Hf和¹⁷⁶Lu/¹⁷⁷Hf同位素比值分别为0.282 77和0.033 2，0.283 25和0.038 4，据Blichert-Toft and Albarède(1997)和Griffin et al.(2000)；λ=1.867×10^-11 a^-1，据Söderlund et al.(2004)；(¹⁷⁶Lu/¹⁷⁷Hf)_C=0.015，t.锆石结晶年龄；进行数据处理时，¹⁷⁶Lu的衰变常数采用1.867×10^-11 a^-1，据Söderlund et al.(2004)；ε_Hf(t)值的计算利用Bouvier et al.(2008)推荐的球粒陨石n(¹⁷⁶Hf)/n(¹⁷⁷Hf)比值(0.282 772) 及¹⁷⁶Lu/¹⁷⁷Hf比值(0.033 2)；Hf模式年龄计算时采用当前亏损地幔的(¹⁷⁶Hf)/(¹⁷⁷Hf)比值(0.283 25) 和(¹⁷⁶Lu)/(¹⁷⁷Hf)比值(0.015) 及(¹⁷⁶Lu)/(¹⁷⁷Hf)比值(0.015)，据Amelin et al.(1999).

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