Hydrocarbon Charging Period of Cretaceous Reservoirs in AHDEB Oil Field: Evidence from Fluid Inclusion
-
摘要: 伊拉克AHDEB油田油藏成藏规律对油田后期开发具有重要意义, 与埋藏史相结合的流体包裹体研究是揭示油藏油气成藏期次和时间的有效手段.利用伊拉克AHDEB油田白垩系油藏储层样品对流体包裹体特征进行了分析, 并且通过流体包裹体的显微观察、荧光颜色、单一包裹体的红外光谱和均一温度测定, 结合地质背景对该油田的油充注期次进行了研究.研究表明, 油包裹体以发绿色和黄绿色荧光为主, 少数发浅黄色和黄褐色荧光.油包裹体的显微傅立叶红外光谱测定结果计算的CH2a/CH3a、Xinc、Xstd可划分油的成熟度, 表明存在两种成熟度的油.最后, 根据均一温度测定结果, 结合埋藏史和热史, 认为该油田可能存在4期油充注成藏相关的流体活动: 第1成藏期发生在95.0~96.5Ma, 相当于晚白垩世早期; 第2成藏期为71.0~78.5Ma, 相当于晚白垩世晚期, 第1期和第2期烃源岩排烃规模小, 产生中-重质油, 后期遭受氧化而形成沥青; 第3成藏期发生在14.0~15.0Ma, 相当于中中新世, 处于生排烃高峰期, 为主要成藏期; 第4期发生在10.0Ma左右, 与第3期为多幕连续充注.Abstract: The uncertainty of pool-forming rule of AHDEB oilfield in Iraq has influenced the oilfiled development. Combining with burial history, the study of fluid inclusion is effective to reveal the hydrocarbon charging period and time. The samples collected from Cretaceous reservoirs of AHDEB oil field in Iraq were used to study the characteristics of fluid inclusion. Based on the observation of thin sections and the fluorescence color, measurement of μFT-IR and homogenization temperature, combining with analysis of geologic setting, the hydrocarbon charging periods were researched. The results show that the fluorescence colors of oil inclusion were mainly green and yellow-green, while minor light yellow and yellowish-brown. It is found by the measurement of μFT-IR of oil inclusion that there are 2 types of maturity based on the value of CH2a/CH3a, Xinc and Xstd. The data of burial history, thermal evolution history and the homogenization temperature indicate that there might be four terms of oil accumulation. The first term of oil charging occurred at 95.0-96.5Ma, equivalent to early Late-Cretaceous, and the second term occurred at 71.0-78.5Ma, equivalent to late Late-Cretaceous, which were consistent with the small scale of hydrocarbon generation by producing heavy oil that in turn was oxidized to asphalt. The third term of oil charging occurred at 14.0-15.0Ma, equivalently Middle Miocene, which was the main accumulation, being consistent with the peak of hydrocarbon generation. The forth term occurred at 10.0Ma, which was the charging event related to the third term.
-
Key words:
- AHDEB oil field /
- Cretaceous /
- hydrocarbons /
- fluid inclusion /
- infrared spectra /
- petroleum geology
-
图 2 伊拉克中南部地层柱状图及油气系统分布
Fig. 2. The stratigraphic column and the distribution of petroleum system in Middle-South Iraq
图 3 不同期次油包裹体的显微照片
a.第1期油包裹体单偏光照片，深褐色，X13井Ru2b层，宿主矿物为粒状方解石；b.图a的荧光照片，显示黄褐色荧光；c.第2期油包裹体单偏光照片，棕黄色，X13井Ru3层，宿主矿物为粗晶方解石; d.图c的荧光照片，显示浅黄色荧光；e.第3期油包裹体单偏光照片，浅黄色、无色透明，X13井Ma1层，宿主矿物为粗晶方解石; f.图e的荧光照片，显示黄绿色荧光；g.第4期油包裹体单偏光照片，无色透明，X13井Ru3层，宿主矿物为粗晶方解石；h.图g的荧光照片，显示绿色荧光
Fig. 3. The photos of oil inclusion fluorescence with different maturity
图 4 不同成熟度油包裹体的红外吸收光谱谱图
Fig. 4. The spectrum of infrared spectrometer of oil inclusions with different maturity
图 5 与烃类包裹体同期的盐水包裹体均一温度分布
Fig. 5. The Histograms showing the distribution of homogenization temperatures of oil inclusions and their coeval aqueous fluid inclusions
图 6 东巴格达油田的埋藏史和热史
Fig. 6. The burial history and thermal history in East Baghdad
图 8 AHDEB油田白垩系油藏成藏期次划分
Fig. 8. The hydrocarbon charging period of Carboniferous reservoirs in AHDEB oil field
表 1 AHDEB油田白垩系油藏成岩序列与油包裹体分布特征
Table 1. Diagenesis and distribution of oil inclusions in Cretaceous reservoirs in AHDEB oilfield
成岩阶段 同生期 浅埋藏期 表生期 中深埋藏期 有机质成熟度 未熟阶段 未熟阶段 低熟阶段 低熟阶段 成熟阶段 成熟阶段 成岩序列 泥晶化、溶蚀、胶结、新生变形 溶蚀、胶结 压实、胶结、白云石化 溶蚀、胶结 压实/压溶、溶蚀、胶结 破裂作用 泥晶化、高镁方解石胶结、淡水潜流带组构选择性溶蚀、马牙状方解石等厚环边胶结、新生变形作用 淡水渗流带非组构选择性溶蚀、重力/新月形方解石胶结 压实、粒状方解石胶结、白云石化 表生期非组构选择性溶蚀、粗晶方解石胶结 压实/压溶、埋藏溶蚀作用、粗晶方解石胶结 微裂隙、粗晶方解石裂隙/重结晶 油包裹体期次 第1期 第2期 第3期 第4期 油包裹体颜色 呈深褐色，显示黄褐色荧光 呈棕黄色，显示浅黄色荧光 呈浅黄色，显示黄绿色荧光 呈无色透明，显示绿色荧光 油包裹体丰度 偶见 少量 大量 少量 油气运聚 油生成、运移 油生成、运移 油聚集成藏 油聚集成藏 
下载: 导出CSV
表 2 油包裹体的显微傅立叶变换红外光谱测定结果
Table 2. The data of micro FT-IR of oil inclusions
井号 层位 深度(m) 油包裹体特征 AREA[∑CH2]/ AREA[∑CH3] Xinc Xstd 产状 单偏光颜色 荧光颜色 AD13 Ru2a 2915.85 方解石成群分布 无色 蓝色 2.772 21.913 10.638 Ru2a 2915.85 方解石成群分布 淡黄色 黄绿色 3.080 25.332 11.777 Ru2a 2915.85 方解石成群分布 黄色 浅黄色 4.171 37.453 15.818 Ru3 2990.66 沿石英微裂隙分布 无色 黄绿色 2.532 19.249 9.750 Ru3 2990.66 沿石英微裂隙分布 淡黄 黄绿色 3.998 35.531 15.177 Ru3 2990.66 沿石英微裂隙分布 淡黄 黄绿色 3.776 33.067 14.356 Ru2b 2960.32 方解石成带状分布 淡黄 黄绿色 2.869 22.991 10.997 Ru2b 2960.32 方解石成带状分布 棕黄色 浅黄色 4.484 40.930 16.977 Ru2b 2960.32 方解石成带状分布 褐色 黄褐色 5.211 49.006 19.669 注：Xinc=(AREA∑CH2/AREA∑CH3-0.8)/0.09，为包裹体有机质烷基碳原子数；Xstd=(AREA∑CH2/AREA∑CH3+0.1)/0.27，为标准有机质烷基碳原子数.
下载: 导出CSV
-
[1] Abeed, Q., Alkhafaji, A., Littk, R., 2011. Source Rock Potential of the Upper Jurassic-Lower Cretaceous Succession in the Southern Mesopotamian Basin, Southern Iraq. Journal of Petroleum Geology, 34(2): 117-134. doi: 10.1111/j.1747-5457.2011.00497.x [2] Al-Ameri, T.K., Al-Musawi, F.A., 2009. Hydrocarbon Generation Potential of the Uppermost Jurassic—Basal Cretaceous Sulaiy Formation, South Iraq. Arab Journal of Geosciences, 4(1-2): 53-58. doi: 10.1007/s12517-009-0064-y [3] Al-Ameri, T.K., Al-Obaydi, R.Y., 2011. Cretaceous Petroleum System of the Khasib and Tannuma Oil Reservoir, East Baghdad Oil Field, Iraq. Arab Journal of Geosciences, 4: 915-932. doi: 10.1007/s12517-009-0115-4 [4] Al-Dabbas, M., Al-Jassim, J., Al-Jumaily, S., 2010. Depositional Environments and Porosity Distribution in Regressive Limestone Reservoirs of the Mishrif Formation, Southern Iraq. Arab Journal of Geosciences, 3(1): 67-78. doi: 10.1007/s12517-009-0057-x [5] Aqrawi, A.A.M., Goff, J.C., Horbury, A.D., et al., 2010. The Petroleum Geology of Iraq. Scientific Press, Beaconsfield. [6] Burruss, R.C., Cercone, K.R., Harris, P.M., 1985. Timing of Hydrocarbon Migration: Evidence from Inclusions in Calcite Cements, Tectonic and Burial History. Carbonate Cements SEPMS Pec. Publ. , 26: 277-289. http://www.researchgate.net/publication/285196431_Time_of_hydrocarbon_migration_evidence_from_fluid_inclusions_in_calcite_cements_tectonics_and_burial_history [7] Davies, R.B., Casey, D.M., Horbury, A.D., et al., 2002. Early to Mid-Cretaceous Mixed Carbonate-Siliciclastic Shelfal Systems: Examples, Issues and Models from the Arabian Plate. GeoArabia, 7(3): 541-598. [8] George, S.C., Ruble, T.E., Dutkiewicz, A., et al., 2001. Assessing the Maturity of Oil Trapped in Fluid Inclusions Using Molecular Geochemistry Data and Visually-Determined Fluorescence Colours. Applied Geochemistry, 16: 451-473. doi: 10.1016/S0883-2927(00)00051-2 [9] Harris, P.M., Frost, S, 1984. Middle Cretaceous Carbonate Reservoirs, Fahud Field and NW Oman. American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, 68(5): 649-658. http://www.researchgate.net/publication/255542185_Middle_Cretaceous_carbonate_reservoirs_Fahud_field_and_northwestern_Oman [10] Hou, Q.J., Feng, Z.H., Zou, Y.L., 2005. Study on the Pool-Forming Periods of Oil and Gas in Qijia-Gulong Sag in Songliao Basin. Petroleum Geology & Experiment, 27(4): 390-394(in Chinese with English abstract). http://en.cnki.com.cn/Article_en/CJFDTOTAL-SYSD200504012.htm [11] Karlsen, D.A., Nedkvitne, T., Larter, S.R., et al., 1993. Hydrocarbon Composition of Authigenic Inclusions Application to Elucidation of Petroleum Reservoir Filling History. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 57: 3641-3659. doi: 10.1016/0016-7037(93)90146-N [12] Li, C.Q., Chen, H.H., Liu, H.M., 2010. Identification of Hydrocarbon Charging Events by Using Micro-Beam Fluorescence Spectra of Petroleum Inclusions. Earth Science—Journal of China University of Geosciences, 35(4): 657-662 (in Chinese with English abstract). doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2010.080 [13] Mohialdeen, I.M.J., Mohammed, H.H., Al-Beyati, F.M., 2013. Geochemical and Petrographic Characterization of Late Jurassic-Early Cretaceous Chia Gara Formation in Northern Iraq: Palaeoenvironment and Oil-Generation Potential. Marine and Petroleum Geology, 43: 166-177. doi: 10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2013.02.010 [14] Odisho, K.Y., Othman, R.S., 1992. Preliminary Geochemical Evaluation of Hydrocarbon Source Rocks in Northern Parts of Iraq. Iraq Geological Journal, 25: 136-153. http://www.researchgate.net/publication/281580001_Preliminary_geochemical_evaluation_of_hydrocarbon_source_rocks_in_northern_part_of_Iraq [15] Pitman, J.K., Steinshouer, D., Lewan, M.D., 2004. Petroleum Generation and Migration in the Mesopotamian Basin and Zagros Fold Belt of Iraq: Results from a Basin-Modeling Study. GeoArabia, 9: 41-72. http://www.zhangqiaokeyan.com/academic-journal-foreign_other_thesis/020415615918.html [16] Si, S.H., Chen, H.H., Feng, Y., et al., 2013. Two Sources and Three Charging Events of Hydrocarbons in Lower Cretaceous Reservoirs in Shaya Uplift, Tarim Basin: Evidence from Fluid Inclusion Analysis. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 34(1): 12-21 (in Chinese with English abstract). doi: 10.7623/syxb201301002 [17] Sun, Q., Weng, S.F., Zhang, X., 1998. μFTIR Microanalysis Limits of Hydrocarbon Fluid Inclusions: Matrix Minerals Absorption. Earth Science—Journal of China University of Geosciences, 23(3): 248-252(in Chinese with English abstract). http://www.researchgate.net/publication/286739662_FTIR_microanalysis_limits_of_hydrocarbon_fluid_inclusions_matrix_minerals_absorption [18] Yu, L., Li, W.T., Chen, H.H., et al., 2012. Characteristics of Fluid Inclusions and Hydrocarbon Charging Period of Carboniferous-Permian Reservoirs in the Eastern Linqing Depression. Journal of China University of Petroleum(Natural Science Edition), 36(6): 26-32(in Chinese with English abstract). doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5005.2012.06.005 [19] Zhao, Y.J., Chen, H.H., 2008. The Relationship between Fluorescence Colors of Oil Inclusions and Their Maturities. Earth Science—Journal of China University of Geosciences, 33(1): 91-96(in Chinese with English abstract). doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2008.012 [20] 侯启军, 冯子辉, 邹玉良, 2005. 松辽盆地齐家-古龙凹陷油气成藏期次研究. 石油实验地质, 27(4): 390-394. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-6112.2005.04.013 [21] 李纯泉, 陈红汉, 刘惠民, 2010. 利用油包裹体微束荧光光谱判识油气充注期次. 地球科学——中国地质大学学报, 35(4): 657-662. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DQKX201004018.htm [22] 斯尚华, 陈红汉, 丰勇, 等, 2013. 塔里木盆地沙雅隆起下白垩统双源三幕油气充注成藏的流体包裹体证据. 石油学报, 34(1): 12-21. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SYXB201301001.htm [23] 孙青, 翁诗甫, 张煦, 1998. 傅立叶变换红外光谱分析矿物有机包裹体的限制——基体吸收问题初探. 地球科学——中国地质大学学报, 23(3): 248-252. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DQKX803.006.htm [24] 于岚, 李文涛, 陈红汉, 等, 2012. 临清坳陷东部石炭-二叠系流体包裹体特征及油气充注期次研究. 中国石油大学学报(自然科学版), 36(6): 26-32. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5005.2012.06.005 [25] 赵艳军, 陈红汉, 2008. 油包裹体荧光颜色及其成熟度关系. 地球科学——中国地质大学学报, 33(1): 91-96. -
点击查看大图
图(8) / 表(2)
计量
- 文章访问数: 3566
- HTML全文浏览量: 160
- PDF下载量: 508
- 被引次数: 0
