Sedimentary Evolution and Reservoir Characteristics of Carbonate Rocks since Late Miocene in Xisha Area of the South China Sea
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摘要: 生物礁滩相碳酸盐岩是南海海域深水区重要的油气储层之一.通过对西科1井(0~576.5 m)岩心的宏观描述及微观分析, 结合古生物、古地磁、高分辨岩心扫描及大量分析测试结果, 对碳酸盐岩-生物礁滩体系展开了精细研究.研究表明: 该井晚中新世以来记录了6次暴露事件、2次淹没事件, 结合古生物、古地磁、Li同位素分析, 可划分为8个三级层序, 其中晚中新世黄流组和第四系乐东组为主要成礁期.通过细致的岩相学研究, 系统刻画了生物礁-碳酸盐岩的岩石类型、成岩作用类型和孔隙类型, 重建了成岩环境.Abstract: Reef-bank carbonate is one of the most important oil and gas reservoirs in deep-water area of the South China Sea. By macroscopic description of the well Xike-1 core (0-576.5 m) and microscopic analysis, combining with paleontology, paleomagnetism, high-resolution core scanning and large amounts of test result analysis, the carbonate reef system is studied in detail in this paper. The research indicates that this well has recorded 6 exposure events, and 2 drowning events since Late Miocene. Based on analyses of paleontology, paleomagnetism and lithium isotopes, 8 third-order sequences can be recognized, among which Late Miocene Huangliu Formation and Quaternary Ledong Formation are the main reef growth phase. By detailed petrography study, the rock types, diagenetic types and pore types of the Quaternary reef carbonate are systematically depicted, and the diagenetic environments are rebuilt.
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Key words:
- well Xike-1 /
- reef /
- sequence division /
- diagenetic environment /
- petrology
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图 1 海南岛东南部大地构造及西科1井位置
Fig. 1. Geological background of southeastern Hainan Island and the position of well Xike-1
图 2 西科1井晚中新世以来碳酸盐岩层序和沉积分析综合柱状图(电阻率为第二孔电阻率)
Fig. 2. The histogram of carbonatite sequence and sedimentary of well Xike-1 since Late Miocene
图 3 碳酸盐岛屿、台地或环礁内Mg到达白云化场所的6种驱动机制
a.潮坪蒸发泵; b.渗透回流; c.海面高程差异; d.卤水回流; e.海岸混合带; f.热对流.据Budd(1997)
Fig. 3. Schematic illustrations of six circulation mechanisms that can deliver Mg to potential dolomitization sites below carbonate islands, platforms, or atolls
图 4 第四系生物礁-碳酸盐岩成岩演化模式
地层系统据解习农(2013)，项目组内部资料；典型成岩现象分类据Riding(1977)
Fig. 4. Diagenetic evolution model of reef and carbonate rocks in Quaternary
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