汶川<i>M</i><sub>s</sub>8.0地震强震动基线改正及其在位错反演中的初步应用

邵志刚; 周朝晖; 徐晶; 张永久

doi:10.3799/dqkx.2014.175

汶川M_s8.0地震强震动基线改正及其在位错反演中的初步应用

doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2014.175

1.
中国地震局地震预测研究所, 北京 100036
2.
四川省地震局, 四川成都 610041
3.
中国地震局第二监测中心, 陕西西安 710054

基金项目:

国家科技支撑计划项目 2012BAK19B0104

中国地震局地震预测研究所基本科研业务费专项 2014IES010106

详细信息

作者简介:
邵志刚(1977-), 副研究员, 主要从事地球动力学与地震活动性方面的研究.E-mail: shaozg@seis.ac.cn

通讯作者:
徐晶, E-mail: xjinggis@163.com

中图分类号: P315.6
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2014-01-23
- 刊出日期: 2014-12-01

Baseline Correction of Strong-Motion Records of Wenchuan M_s8.0 Earthquake and Its Primary Application on Dislocation Inversion

1.
Institute of Earthquake Science, China Earthquake Administration, Beijing 100036, China
2.
Sichuan Earthquake Administration, Chengdu 610041, China
3.
Second Crust Monitoring and Application Center, China Earthquake Administration, Xi'an 710054, China

摘要

摘要: 通过研究近场强震动记录, 发现汶川M_s8.0地震近场峰值加速度在空间上存在较明显的上盘效应和方向性效应, 与汶川引起的地质灾害空间分布具有较好的一致性.但在所有强震仪所记录的汶川M_s8.0地震同震加速度记录积分所得地壳同震速度中, 有的台站数据存在典型的线性偏移, 有的台站数据除线性偏移外还存在明显的非线性偏移.采用非线性基线改正方法处理汶川M_s8.0强震同震记录, 改正后所得同震位移明显要比线性基线改正更合乎实际情况.以强震动、GPS和InSAR同震位移处理结果做约束, 反演了汶川M_s8.0地震同震位错分布, 对于汶川M_s8.0地震主要同震破裂断裂(北川-映秀断裂), 强震动反演结果不仅较好地刻画了汶川M_s8.0地震同震主断裂上地表破裂空间分布详细变化特征, 同时也较好地反映北端破裂衰减情况, 该结果表明: 强震动资料可以为强震后的救援和灾害评估等工作提供具有参考价值的研究结果; 另一方面, 受数据数量的制约, 用强震动改正后位移反演所得位错分布中仅汉旺断裂南段存在较为明显位错, 强震仪布设时应更多地考虑是否相对均匀地分布在具有发震潜势的断裂周缘, 以期更好地在震后应急救灾中发挥更好的作用.
- 汶川M_s8.0地震 /
- 强震动 /
- 基线改正 /
- 位错反演 /
- 天然地震
Abstract: Based on the near-field strong-motion records, the distribution of peak acceleration near the Wenchuan M_s8.0 earthquake exists obvious hanging wall and directivity effect, it is consistent with the distribution of geological hazard caused by Wenchuan earthquake. However, among the crustal co-seismic velocities which are achieved by integrating the acceleration of Wenchuan M_s8.0 earthquake recorded by strong motion seismograph, there is a typical linear offset for some stations, and there are also obvious nonlinear offsets besides linear offset for some other stations. Using the approach of nonlinear baseline correction to process co-seismic records of Wenchuan M_s8.0 earthquake, the co-seismic displacement corrected by the nonlinear approach obviously is in better agreement with actual situation than the linear baseline correction approach. As a constraint of displacement processing results of strong-motion, GPS and InSAR, this paper inverts the distribution of co-seismic dislocation of Wenchuan M_s8.0 earthquake. For the main co-seismic rupture fault of Wenchuan M_s8.0 earthquake (Beichuan-Yingxiu fault), the inversion result of strong-motion is not only nicely characterize the detailed variation of distribution of co-seismic surface rupture on the main fault, but also well reflect the rupture attenuation on northernmost fault. The results show that, strong-motion data could provide valuable results for post-seismic rescue and disaster assessment. In addition, due to data limitations, for the location distribution which inverted from displacement corrected by strong motion, only the southern section of Hanwang fault exists obvious dislocation. It reveals that we should emplace the strong motion seismographs relatively uniform around the potential seismogenic faults, in order to play a better role in the post-seismic emergency rescue.
- Wenchuan M_s8.0 earthquake /
- strong-motion /
- baseline correction /
- dislocation inversion /
- earthquake

HTML全文

图 1 汶川M_s8.0地震地质构造与近场强震动台站分布

1.断裂；2.汶川M_s8.0地震同震地表破裂；3.汶川M_s8.0地震震源机制解；4.汶川M_s8.0地震强震记录台站；5.本文所用强震台站及名称；紫色为同震地表破裂(徐锡伟等，2008)；黑色三角为汶川M_s8.0地震近场强震动台站；黑色点为汶川M_s8.0地震余震(截止到2008年12月31日)

Fig. 1. Regional tectonic and distribution of strong-motion networks near the Wenchuan M_s8.0 earthquake

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 汶川M_s8.0地震近场峰值加速度(cm/s²)分布

a.东西向峰值加速度；b.南北向峰值加速度；c.垂向峰值加速度

Fig. 2. The distribution of peak acceleration (cm/s²) near the Wenchuan M_s8.0 earthquake

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图 3 利用强震动加速度资料线性改正后所得汶川M_s8.0地震近场位移

Fig. 3. Near-field displacement of the Wenchuan M_s8.0 earthquake which liner corrected based on the strong-motion acceleration data

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图 4 强震动东西向记录改正后位移与资料持续时间的关系

绵竹清平台：a.东西向未改正速度; b.400 s资料线性改正后的位移; c.利用不同截止时间资料线性改正后的位移；江油重华台: d.东西向未改正速度; e.400 s资料线性改正后的位移；f.利用不同截止时间资料线性改正后的位移

Fig. 4. The relationship between data duration and the displacements which corrected by strong-motion E-W direction records, MZQP station and JYCH station

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图 5 基线改正参数设置与改正流程

Fig. 5. The flow chart of the baseline correction and its parameter setting

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图 6 汶川M_s8.0地震近场位移，强震动改正后位移(a)和GPS观测位移(b)

Fig. 6. The near-field displacement of the Wenchuan M_s8.0 earthquake

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图 7 汶川M_s8.0地震断层模型与反演结果

a.地震断层模型; b.强震动位错反演结果; c.强震动与GPS联合反演结果; d.强震动、GPS和InSAR联合反演位错结果

Fig. 7. Fault model and the dislocation result of the Wenchuan M_s8.0 earthquake

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图 8 汶川M_s8.0地震同震地表破裂观测结果与模拟结果

a.北川-映秀地表破裂; b.灌县-江油地表破裂

Fig. 8. Observed and modeled co-seismic surface rupture of the Wenchuan M_s8.0 earthquake

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表 1 汶川M_s8.0地震同震位错断层参数

Table 1. Fault parameters of co-seismic dislocation of the Wenchuan M_s8.0 earthquake

序号	地表北端点纬度	地表北端点经度	长度(km)	宽度(km)	走向	倾角
1	32.64°N	105.45°E	81	39	228.8°	60°~20°
2	32.16°N	104.80°E	81	39	221.1°	46°~20°
3	31.61°N	104.17°E	66	39	223.9°	60°~20°
4	31.18°N	103.73°E	72	45	227.1°	42°~20°
5	31.63°N	104.37°E	111	27	228.4°	44°~20°

下载: 导出CSV

表 2 地壳分层介质模型参数

Table 2. Model parameters of layered crustal media

序号	深度(km)	V_p(km/s)	V_s(km/s)	密度(kg/m³)
1	0~15	5.89	3.40	2.80
2	15~30	7.00	4.05	2.95
3	＞30	7.95	4.60	3.25

下载: 导出CSV

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