桐柏山高压变质带及其区域构造型式

索书田; 钟增球; 张宏飞; 周汉文; 游振东

桐柏山高压变质带及其区域构造型式

1.
中国地质大学地球科学与资源学院, 北京 100083
2.
中国地质大学地球科学学院, 湖北武汉 430074

基金项目:

国家重点基础项目 G1999075506

国家自然科学基金项目 49972067

国家自然科学基金项目 40073005

详细信息

作者简介:
索书田(1936-), 男, 教授, 博士生导师, 主要从事变质岩构造分析、岩石圈流变学、构造地质学及大陆深俯冲的构造变形教学和研究工作

中图分类号: P588.34
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2001-07-21
- 刊出日期: 2001-11-25

HIGH-PRESSURE METAMORPHIC BELT AND ITS TECTONIC PATTERN IN TONGBAI MOUNTAINS, CENTRAL CHINA

1.
Faculty of Earth Sciences and Mineral Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China
2.
Faculty of Earth Sciences, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China

摘要

摘要: 桐柏山是秦岭-大别山造山带的重要组成部分.新近的构造学和岩石学详细研究表明, 该区广泛分布有大量的、大小不一的榴辉岩及退变质榴辉岩块体, 构成一个延展长约200 km和宽约40 km的高压变质带.由榴辉岩或退变质榴辉岩、遭受过高压变质作用的沉积和火山岩、由榴辉岩退变质而成的片麻岩和片岩、以及面理化的含榴或不含榴的花岗岩组成的高压变质单位(HP), 在组成及变质演化特征方面, 均与大别—苏鲁地区的高压单位类似.构造上, 显示一典型的西北美型变质核杂岩.分隔开由桐柏杂岩组成的核部杂岩单位(CC)及上覆的高压单位的km尺度的伸展拆离带, 具有下和中伸展拆离带的复合性质, 是在高压变质作用期后伸展体制下形成的.桐柏山高压变质带是与大别山地区的高压变质带相联接的, 据其岩石学、构造学及相关的主要构造边界展布特征, 推测该高压变质带穿过南襄盆地有继续向东秦岭延伸的趋势.桐柏山高压变质带是东秦岭造山带与大别—苏鲁超高压和高压变质带间的构造纽带.
- 桐柏山 /
- 高压变质带 /
- 变质核杂岩 /
- 伸展拆离带 /
- 构造边界 /
- 构造纽带
Abstract: The Tongbai Mountains is an important component part of the Qinling-Dabieshan orogenic belt. The recent detailed researches in tectonics and petrology show that a great amount of eclogites or retrograded eclogites in different sizes, widely distributed in the Tongbai mountains, constitutes a high-pressure metamorphic belt, around 200 km long and 40 km wide. The high-pressure metamorphic unit is generally composed of the following four different major lithologies: (1) eclogites and retrograded eclogites; (2) HP-metamorphosed sedimentation and volcanic rocks; (3) gneissic or schistose rocks resulting from retrogressive HP eclogites; and (4) foliated garnet-bearing granites or garnet-free granites. The rock assemblages and metamorphic evolution of this high-pressure unit are similar to those in the Dabie-Sulu ultrahigh pressure (UHP) and high-pressure metamorphic belts. The regional structural pattern of the HP metamorphic belt in the Tongbai Mountains corresponds perfectly to a Cordilleran-type metamorphic core complex where three crustal-scale, gently-dipping, normal-sense detachment zones were developed. The composite detachment zone resulted possibly from both the lower detachment zone and the middle detachment zone is presently sandwiched between the core complex unit (CC) below, and the high-pressure metamorphic unit (HP) above. The structures controlling the present spatial distribution of HP metamorphic rocks were dominantly products of an extensional process following the Triassic HP metamorphism. Both structural considerations and concordant field relations suggest that the Tongbai HP metamorphic unit is an important part of the Dabie-Sulu UHP and HP metamorphic belts. Its western extension overlain by the Mesozoic to Cenozoic sedimentary rocks may have crossed the Nanxiang basin to the Eastern Qinling. The new findings and ideas should be employed for the reconstruction of the evolution of the whole Qinling-Dabie orogenic belt. The Tongbai high-pressure metamorphic belt serves as a structure linking the Eastern Qinling orogen with the Dabie-Sulu UHP and HP metamorphic belts.
- Tongbai mountains /
- high-pressure metamorphic belt /
- metamorphic core complex /
- extensional detachment zone /
- tectonic boundary /
- structural linkage

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图 1 桐柏—红安变质带地质略图

Ep.二郎坪岩群; Ql.秦岭岩群; Gs.龟山岩组; Nw.南湾岩组; Dy.定远岩组; EB.绿帘—蓝片岩单位; HP.高压单位; UHP.超高压单位; CC.核部杂岩单位

Fig. 1. Regional map of the Tongbai-Hong'an metamorphic beltwith simplified major lithotectonic divisions

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图 2 桐柏山高压变质带构造图(位置见图 1)

1.晚中生代花岗岩; 2.晚古生代辉长岩; 3.下、中复合拆离带; 4.构造边界; 5.地质界线; 6.区域面理; 7.拉伸线理; 8.高压变质单位(HP); 9.核部杂岩单位(CC); Ql.秦岭岩群; Gs.龟山岩组; Nw.南湾岩组; Dy.定远岩组; E.第三系

Fig. 2. Structural map of the high-pressure metamorphic belt from the Tongbai mountains (see

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图 3 桐柏山南北向横剖面

Dy.定远岩组; HP.高压单位; CC.核部杂岩单位; Ec.榴辉岩及退变质榴辉岩体.A及B分别为图 4及图 5位置

Fig. 3. A schematic N-S cross-section of the Tongbai mountains.Note that the late brittle faults truncate the detachment fabric (dashed lines) which is characterized by an open antiform

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图 4 下、中复合拆离带内的变形花岗岩(位置见图 3, A)

Fig. 4. Sketch showing granite deformation induced by vertical shortening or ductile thinning in the composited lower/middle detachment zone (see Fig.3, A for location)

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图 5 核部杂岩内斜长角闪岩透镜体及变形的长英质脉系(位置见图 3, B)

Fig. 5. Sketch showing amphibolite lenses and deformed felsic vein system in the core complex unit (see Fig.3, B for location)

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图 6 湖北省广水玉皇顶地质剖面

TDZ.顶部拆离带; SC.沉积盖层单位; EB.绿帘—蓝片岩单位

Fig. 6. Schematic geological cross-section to show the top detachment zone (TDZ) and normal faults in the sedimentary cover (SC), Yuhuangding of Guangshui, Hubei

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图 7 大别—苏鲁超高压和高压变质带地壳构造柱

SC.沉积盖层; EB.绿帘-蓝片岩; HP.高压变质岩; UHP.超高压变质岩; CC.核部杂岩

Fig. 7. Cartoon to show the tectonic stack for the crust of UHPand HP metamorphic belts in the Dabie-Sulu region, China

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