北京西山房山岩体岩浆底辟构造及其地质意义

何斌; 徐义刚; 王雅玫; 韦必则

北京西山房山岩体岩浆底辟构造及其地质意义

何斌^{1, 2,},
徐义刚¹,
王雅玫³,
韦必则²

1.
中国科学院广州地球化学研究所同位素年代学和地球化学重点实验室, 广东广州 510640
2.
中国地质大学地球科学学院, 湖北武汉 430074
3.
中国地质大学珠宝学院, 湖北武汉 430074

基金项目:

中国科学院百人计划、创新群体研究科学基金 40421303

中国科学院创新项目 A15041107

详细信息

作者简介:
何斌(1963-), 男, 博士, 副教授, 主要从事构造地质研究.E-mail: hebin@gig.ac.cn

中图分类号: P542
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2005-01-11
- 刊出日期: 2005-05-25

Magmatic Diapir of Fangshan Pluton in the Western Hills, Beijing and Its Geological Significance

HE Bin^{1, 2
,},
XU Yi-gang¹,
WANG Ya-mei³,
WEI Bi-ze²

1.
Key Laboratory of Isotope Geochronology and Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
2.
Faculty of Earth Sciences, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
3.
Institute of Gemology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China

摘要

摘要: 运用底辟构造的理论和模型, 通过对北京西山房山岩体边缘围岩构造、变形和应变的研究, 厘定出岩体边缘的高温剪切带、周缘向斜、呈穹状分布陡倾的线理和面理, 并结合对西山区域构造事件分析后提出房山岩体为典型的岩浆底辟构造(HotStokesDiapir).这项研究成果不仅在世界上首次证实了岩浆底辟的存在, 而且对理清北京西山地区的地质构造格架和演化序列具有十分重要的意义.研究认为房山地区可能不存在变质核杂岩; 房山岩体边缘的关坻太古宙杂岩是基底岩石随岩体底辟流动上升带到地壳上部的; 原先确定的一些印支期“剥离断层”是房山岩体岩浆底辟的刺穿构造或围岩高温剪切作用造成的地层缺失; 太平山和凤凰山等向斜是岩体底辟过程中在围岩拖曳下形成的周缘向斜.
- 北京西山 /
- 房山岩体 /
- 岩浆底辟 /
- 岩体侵位机制 /
- 关坻杂岩 /
- 变质核杂岩
Abstract: A study of structures, deformation and strain of country rocks around Fangshan pluton in the western Hills, Beijing, reveals a high-temperature shear aureole, domal distribution of steep lineations and foliations in the thermodynamic aureole, and ring synclines around the pluton. Combining with the analysis of the regional tectonic events, it is concluded that Fangshan pluton is a real magmatic diapir (hot-stokes diapir). To our knowledge, this is the first reported magmatic diapir in the world. As such, this research result argues for a reconsideration of the structural frame and deformational series of the Zhoukoudian area. It is suggested that the Fangshan metamorphic core complex did not exist; the Guandi Archean complex in the margins of the pluton was outcropped by ductile flow of the diapiric ascent; previously proposed Indosinian denudational faults were piercing structures and/or the absence of the strata in the high temperature shear aureole; Taipingshan and Fenghuangshan synclines are ring synclines around the pluton formed by drag of country rocks due to the diapiric ascent.
- the western hills /
- Fangshan pluton /
- magmatic diapir /
- emplacement of pluton /
- Guandi complex /
- metamorphic core complex

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图 1 北京西山房山岩体区域地质构造

1.第四系; 2.白垩系; 3.侏罗系; 4.三叠系; 5.石炭—三叠系; 6.寒武系—奥陶系; 7.青白口系; 8.蓟县系; 9.长城系; 10.太古宙; 11.花岗岩; 12.逆断层; 13.剥离断层; 14.向斜

Fig. 1. Regional geological sketch map of Fangshan pluton in the western hills, Beijing

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 北京西山房山岩体地质构造(据马昌前(1988)和张吉顺和李志忠(1990)修改)

1.石英闪长岩; 2.中粒花岗闪长岩; 3.斑状花岗闪长岩; 4.巨斑状花岗闪长岩; 5.强变形带; 6.高温剪切带; 7.应变椭球体

Fig. 2. Geological and structural sketch map of Fangshan pluton in the western hills, Beijing

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 房山岩体北缘南观地区地质简图

1.上第三系; 2.长城系; 3.亮甲山组; 4.黄院组; 5.张夏组; 6.徐庄组; 7.馒毛组; 8.府君山组; 9景儿峪组; 10.龙山组; 11.下马岭组; 12.关坻杂岩; 13.拉伸线理; 14小褶皱枢纽; 15.劈理产状

Fig. 3. Simplified geological map of the Nanguan area in the north of Fangshan pluton

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 房山岩体围岩热动力变质带的联合构造剖面(据1∶5万周口店幅区域地质调查报告修改)

1.构造片麻岩; 2.构造片岩; 3.变余糜棱岩; 4.千枚岩或板岩; 5.条带状大理岩; 6.灰岩或泥灰岩; 7.花岗闪长岩

Fig. 4. Structural sections of thermodynamic aureole around the Fangshan pluton

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 5 房山岩体围岩周缘向斜联合剖面(据1∶5万周口店幅区域地质调查报告修改)

1.角岩; 2.砂岩; 3.千枚岩或板岩; 4.砾岩; 5.变质砂岩; 6.灰岩; ∈₃h.黄院组; O₁m.马家沟组; C₂b.本溪组; C₂t.太原组; P₁s.山西组; P₂y.杨家组; P₂h.红庙岭组; T₁s.双泉组

Fig. 5. Ring synclines of country rock around the Fangshan pluton

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 6 房山岩体岩浆底辟模型图

Fig. 6. Model of magmatic diapir of Fangshan pluton

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 岩浆底辟、气球膨胀的鉴定特征及与房山岩体侵位特征的对比

Table 1. Characteristics of magmatic diapir and ballooning, and their comparison with the Fangshan pluton

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